M^M«ll€)lf 


D 

a 


pAcmc 


a 

D 


1 


ifnoi 


SEATTLE  JUNE  1  Yo  OCTOBER  16, 1909 


'■ynwwaKK^-,^ 


The 

Alaska -Yukon -Pacific 
Exposition 


SEATTLE 

JUNE  1- OCTOBER  16,  1909 


ISSUED  BY  THE 
General  Passenger  Department 

NORTHERN  PACIFIC  RAILWAY 

•'  ST.  PAUL,  MINN. 


>H_ 


Seattle  front  Elliot  Bay  On  Capital  Hill  Second  Avenue 

SCENES  IN  SEATTLE,  WASHINGTON 


7  //(-   Aiitlitoniiii! ,  one  of  iJic  finest  of  the  permanent,  fire-proof  structures 


THE 

Alaska -Tuhon-Pacific  Exposition 

JUNE  1  to  OCTOBER  16,  1909 


HE  United  States  has  been  extremely  fortunate 
in  its  purchases  of  foreign  territory.  The  total 
cost  of  these  annexations — exclusive  of  the  Phil- 
ippines— according  to  Hermann,  is  $52,000,000. 
Of  these  the  Louisiana  Purchase,  in  1803,  cost 
us  $15,000,000,  or  a  little  less  than  3  cents  an 
acre;  the  Mexican  Purchase,  in  1848  and  1853, 
cost  $15,000,000  also,  or  a  little  more  than  4 
cents  an  acre;  the  Alaskan  Purchase,  in  1867, 
called  for  $7,200,000,  or  a  trifle  under  2  cents  an  acre. 

To  most  of  these  additions  to  our  national  domain  there  has 
been  violent  opposition.  This  was  particularly  so  as  regards  Louis- 
iana and  Alaska.  The  lesson  learned  in  connection  with  the  former 
transaction,  of  the  tremendous  advantages  gained  by  the  purchase, 
seems  to  have  had  little  effect  upon  us  whenever  any  fresh  annexation 
has  been  suggested. 

The  purchase  of  Russian  America,  as  Alaska  was  known  when 
we  took  it  over,  was  most  strongly  opposed,  and  by  many  the  $7,200,- 
000  we  paid  for  it  was  looked  upon  as  so  much  gold  worse  than 
thrown  away.  William  H.  Seward,  the  Secretary  of  State,  who 
negotiated  the  purchase,  which,  by  the  way,  was  no  new  project, 


was  unmercifully   denounced   for  it.       Our  real 
knowledge  of   the  region  was  indeed  limited,  and     ^  "Vj^.  f^ 
it  is  not    surprising   that  the  land  was  generally     ^^    3|U^j 
looked  upon  as  one  of  icebergs,  snow,  and 
impassable  mountains    only.     Long  ago, 
however,   we  learned  that  Seward  did  a 
splendid  thing  for  us  and  with  a  full  reali- 
zation of  it. 

Alaska  contains  nearly   s^x    hundred 
thousand  square  miles,  or  more  than  three  W/ 

hundred  and  seventy-five  million  acres. 
For  the  last  two  years  it  has  produced  an- 
nually, of  gold  alone,  about  $22,000,000,  IVtn.  H.  Seward 
or,  yearly,  more  than  three  times  the  amount  of  its  purchase 
price  of  the  very  medium  which  we  gave  in  exchange  for  it.  Besides 
gold,  Alaska  produced  in  1907,  more  than  $1,000,000  in  copper, 
$100,000  of  silver,  and  $10,000,000  of  canned  salmon.  It  is  stated 
that  in  the  forty  years  that  we  have  owned  the  region,  Alaska  has 
produced  of 

Gold $125,000,000 

Furs 80,000,000 

Fish 96,000,000 

Total $301 ,000 ,000 

It  was,  therefore,  a  very  happy  conceit,  just  at  this  time  when 
the  territory  is  entering  upon  a  career  of  prosperity  to  which  the 
past,  great  as  it  appears,  will  probably  bear  no  comparison,  that 
the  North  Pacific  Coast  people  should  hold  an  exposition  at  Seattle 
to  exploit  their  wonderful  country,  and  that  Alaska  and  the  Yukon 
region  should  be  so  prominenth'  identified  with  it.  It  was  verv 
appropriate,  too,  that  this  project  should  have  its  inception,  and 
this  exposition  be  held,  on  Puget  Sound,  for  the  cities  and  people  of 
the  Sound  are  the  nearest  neighbors  and  have  been  the  most 
intimately  connected  with  the  development  of  Alaska. 

With  their  usual  cosmopolitanism,  the  Seattle  and  North  Coast 
people  determined  to  adopt  broad  measures  in  their  exposition. 
While  practically  touching  elbows  with  Alaska  and  the  Yukon  terri- 
torially, and  being  most  closely  connected  socially  and  commercially, 
the  projectors  of  the  enterprise  recognized  that  Alaska  belonged  to 
the  whole  countr3^  It  was  also  thought  that  in  such  an  exposition, 
the  second  outside  of  state  lines  to  be  held  on  the  Pacific  Coast,  the 
important  and  inci-easing  commerce  that  has  grown  up  between  this 

4 


country  and  Canada,  Japan,  China,  the  Hawaiian  Islands,  AustraHa, 
etc.,  should  be  considered  and  theref(jre  that  the  affair  should  be  an 
international  one  within  certain  limits.  This  idea  has  been  carried 
out.  The  United  States  Government  and  many  of  the  states  and 
cities  will  be  represented  by  buildings  or  exhibits  or  both.  Foreign 
participation  will  be  confined  to  those  countries  bordering  on  the 
Pacific  Ocean  and  those  which  have  territorial  possessions  on  that 
ocean.  The  latter  category  includes  Great  Britain,  Russia,  France, 
the  Netherlands,  and  Germany.  In  this  way  the  exposition  will  be 
large  enough  to  bring  together  and  within  reasonable  compass  a 
valuable  and  interesting  series  of  exhibits  without  its  being  so  large  as 
to  be  cumbersome  and  dismaying  to  the  visitor.  This  feature  was 
one  of  the  strongest  and  most  appreciated  points  in  connection  with 
the  Lewis  and  Clark  Exposition  at  Portland,  Ore.,  in  1905,  one  of  the 
most  perfect  and  successful  expositions,  from  every  standpoint,  that 
has  been   held   in   this   country. 

To  crystallize  within  a  few  words  the  purposes  of  the  Alaska- 
Yukon-Pacific  Exposition,  the  official  statement  itself  is  quoted : 

FIRST:  To  exploit  the  resources  ami  poieiitialities 
of  the  Alaska  and  Yukon  territories  in  the  United  States 
and  the  Dominion  of  Canada. 

SECOND:  To  make  known  and  foster  the  vast  im- 
portance of  the  trade  of  the  Pacific  Ocean  and  of  the 
countries  bordering  thereon. 

THIRD:  To  demonstrate  the  marvelous  progress  of 
Western  America,  ivhere,  within  a  radius  of  1,000  miles 
of  Seattle,  y, ^00, 000  persons  live  who  are  directly  interested 
in  making  the  exposition  the  true  exponent  of  their  material 
wealth  and  development. 


Oregon  Building,  Exposilioti  Grounds,  Seattle 


Looking  across  the  formal  gardens  at  the  Er.ru pcaii  l^iiiUing  in  tJic  center, 
the  Manufactures  Building  on  the  right,  Hawaiian  Buildmg  on  the  left 


The  exposition  will  open  June  i,  and  close  October  i6,  1909. 

Most  of  our  expositions  have  been  founded  upon  some  historical 
fact  valuable  and  interesting  in  itself  and  well  worthy  of  being  thus 
honored  and  popularly  perpetuated. 

The  Centennial  Exposition  in  1876,  the  mother  of  expositions  in 
this  country,  commemorated  our  Declaration  of  Independence;  the 
Chicago  World's  Fair,  the  discovery  of  America  by  Columbus;  the 
St.  Louis  Exposition,  the  purchase  of  the  Louisiana  territory  in  1803; 
the  Lewis  and  Clark  Exposition  at  Portland,  that  of  our  first  great 
exploration  across  the  continent,  1804-06,  and  its  important  conse- 
cjuences;  the  Jamestown  Exposition,  the  settlement  at  Jamestown, 
Va.,  in  1607. 

The  Alaska- Yukon-Pacific  Exposition  is  based  upon  no  historical 
incident.  It  is  simply  and  frankly  a  broad,  commercial  proposition, 
but  it  will  be  just  as  full  and  complete,  just  as  educative  and  valuable 
and  satisfying  as  if  it  commemorated  the  most  profoundly  impressive 
event  in  our  national  history. 

6 


MIB..^      ■['   ^IT^t  ill    ... 

n 

TVVfg/;;  Park,  Tacoma 


What  The  Exposition  Stands  For 

O  understand  and  appreciate  an  individual  or  a 
country  one  must  know  something  of  his  or  its 
history.  The  story  of  the  discovery,  explora- 
tion, and  development  of  the  Northwest  is  an 
alluring  one.  It  dates  from  about  the  middle 
of  the  sixteenth  centur}^  and  is  full  of  dramatic 
incident  and  heroic  action.  The  entire  world 
was  interested  in  the  early  exploration  of  the 
Northwest,  many  of  the  nations  took  part  in 
it,  and  it  is  therefore  peculiarly  fitting  that  many  nations  should  be 
represented  at  this  exposition. 

The  world-wide  interest  in  the  region  grew  out  of  the  persistent 
efforts  to  find  a  "northwest  passage"  to  Asia.  It  was  a  long  time 
before  the  early  navigators  and  their  patrons  became  convinced  that 
in  cherishing  the  idea  of  a  northwestern  strait  between  the  Atlantic 
and  Pacific  Oceans  they  were  hugging  a  delusion. 

The  early  explorers  of  the  northwest  coast  came  from  Spain, 
England,  Russia,  and  the  United  States.  Among  many  illustrious 
names  we  find  those  of  Cabrillo,  Viscaino,  Perez,  Heceta,  and  Bodega, 
Spaniards;  Sir  Francis  Drake,  Captain  Cook,  and  Vancouver, 
Englishmen;  Bering,  a  Dane  in  the  service  of  the  Russians;  and 
captains  Gray  and  Kendrick,  Americans.  Another  name  is 
found  that  has  occasioned  much  discussion  as  to  whether  the  man 
who  bore  it  was  an  impostor  or  not.  This  name  was  Juan  de  Fuca, 
a  Greek  mariner  whose  real  name  was  Apostolos  Valerianos,  and 
who  claimed  to  have  entered  what  was  called  the  Strait  of  Anian, 
in  1592.  The  better  authorities  seem  inclined  to  credit  Fuca's  tale, 
and,  at  any  rate,  Meares  of  the  English  navy  in  1788  sailed  into  the 
strait,  to  which  he  gave  the  name  of  Juan  de  Fuca,  settled  for  all  time 

7 


the  identity  of  that  body  of  water,  the  existence  of  which  had  been 
denied,  and  properly  honored  the  old  Greek  mariner.  The  strait  of 
Anian,  now  Fuca,  was  for  a  long  time  supposed  to  be  the  much- 
sought  northwest  passage. 

The  Strait  of  Fuca  is  now  a  part  of  the  boundary  between  the 
United  States  and  British  Columbia,  and  is  the  great  arm  of  the  sea 
connecting  the  waters  of  Puget  Sound  with  the  ocean.  Indeed,  it  is 
quite  certain  that  originally  the  name  of  the  strait  really  covered  the 
entire  body  of  water,  or  nearly  so,  now  popularly  known  as  Puget 
Sound 

The  student  of  Northwestern  history  and  the  traveler  will  note 
the  rather  confusing  mixture  of  nationalities  prevalent  in  geographic 
names  in  the  Puget  Sound  and  Oregon  region.  This  is  due  to  the 
fact  that  the  Spanish,  English,  and  Americans  were,  at  one  period, 
engaged,  practicall3%  in  synchronous  exploration.  As  a  result  names 
of  these  various  nationalities  appear  in  close  proximity  in  many  cases, 
thus  evidencing  a  century  later  the  tremendous,  though  for  the 
most  part,  apparently  good-natured  rivalry  that  actuated  the  hardy 
mariner-explorers  of  that  day. 

Soon  after  1792  the  Spaniards  disappeared  from  the  scene,  but 
the  English  captain,  Vancouver,  with  his  ships  the  Discovery,  Chat- 
ham, and  Dicdalus,  proceeded  to  complete  a  survey  of  the  region 
that  stands  today  a  monument  to  his  thoroughness  and  ability. 
Vancouver's  Island  on  the  north  side  of  the  Strait  of  Fuca,  was 
named  after  him,  and  it  was  a  just  recognition  of  his  zeal  and  labors. 

Vancouver  just  missed  being  the  discoverer  of  the  Columbia 
River,  and  had  he  been,  that  fact  would  probably  have  placed  our 


Paradise  Park,  near  Tacoma 


Looking  down  on  the  Court  of  Honor  from  the  Dome  of  ti.e 
Central  'Government  Building 


northern  boundary  along  that  river  instead  of  the  Strait  of  Fuca 
and  the  49th  parallel,  and  Tacoma,  Seattle,  and  much  of  the  State  of 
Washington  would  not  be  American  territory. 

Puget  Sound,  or  Puget's  Sound,  as  Vancouver  named  it,  after 
one  of  his  lieutenants,  was  applied  only  to  that  part  of  this  inland 
sea  extending  westward  from  the  bend  near  Tacoma,  to  and  beyond 
Olympia.  North  of  this  elbow  and  reaching  to  the  Strait  of  Fuca  the 
waters  were  called  by  Vancouver,  Admiralty  Inlet.  Mount  Rainier 
was  named  by  Vancouver  after  Rear  Admiral  Rainier;  Mount  Baker, 
after  Lieutenant  Baker  of  his  expedition,  who  first  sighted  it;  Whid- 
bey's  Island  after  another  of  his  lieutenants;  Hood's  Canal,  in  honor 
of  Lord  Hood;  Port  Towns(h)end,  "in  honor  of  the  noble  marquis 
of  that  name;"  Vashon's  Island,  after  Captain  Vashon  of  the  navy; 
Mount  Saint  Helens,  just  north  of  Portland,  for  Lord  St.  Helens; 
Mount  Hood,  east  of  Portland,  for  Lord  Hood  again,  thus  doubly 
honoring  him.  These  are  a  few  of  many  points,  islands,  harbors,  etc., 
that  will  keep  Vancouver's  name  green.  The  Gulf  of  Georgia, 
Bellingham's  Bay,  Gray's  Bay,  Cape  Orford,  Port  Discovery,  Posses- 
sion Sound,  at  various  points  on  the  Sound  and  coast,  were  also 
named  by  him. 

The  sound  is  a  most  beautiful  sheet  of  water  enclosed  by  high 
snow-capped  and  forest-clad   mountains  at  whose  bases  lie  fertile 


lands  and  thriving  cities.  It  is  a  region  full  of  opportunity  for  the 
sportsman,  the  business  man,  the  health  and  pleasure  seeker,  the 
home  builder.  Its  climatic  and  educational  advantages  are  unsur- 
passed. 

With  the  advent  of  captains  Kendrick  and  Gray,  representing 
a  company  of  Boston  merchants,  on  the  coast  in  1788,  came  the 
re-discovery  and,  practically,  of  course,  the  real  discovery  of  the 
Columbia  River,  in  1792.  This  was  the  entering  wedge  in  an  inter- 
national diplomatic  quarrel  between  England  and  the  United  States 
that  came  perilously  near  to  an  actual  war,  which  was  only  averted 
because  of  our  crass  ignorance  regarding  the  country.  The  entering 
wedge  was  driven  in  stronger  by  Lewis  and  Clark's  exploration  to 
the  mouth  of  the  Columbia,  and  another  blow  that  sent  it  deeper  still 
was  Astor's  founding  of  Astoria.  The  two  countries  in  interest  were 
kept  in  an  acute  state  of  turmoil  by  the  "Oregon  Question"  for  half  a 
century,  while  all  the  world  looked  on  and  wondered  what  the  end 
would  be. 

One  further  fact  is  of  great  interest.  The  emigration  question 
finally  became  a  determining  factor  in  the  possession  of  old  Oregon, 
as  it  is,  to-day,  perhaps,  the  most  important  one  in  its  growth  and 
prosperity. 

The  establishment  of  missions  in  the  '30s  by  the  Methodists  on 
the  Willamette  and  Columbia  rivers,  and  by  the  Presbyterians  on 
the  Walla  Walla  and  Clearwater  rivers  and  north  of  the  Spokane 
River,  brought  in  their  wake  a  gradually  increasing  emigration 
from  the  states.  This  culminated,  in  1843,  in  the  establishment  of 
a  provisional  government  for  the  Oregon  country  by  the  Americans, 
and  the  immigration  of  a  large  body  of  American  settlers. 

Prior  to  the  purchase  of  Alaska  by  the  United  States,  little  was 
known  of  it,  and  no  serious  attempts  at  its  development  had  been 
made.  The  Russian -American  Fur  Company,  which  held  a  monopoly 
of  all  trade,  from  the  Russian  government,  systematically  prevented 
all  efforts  to  explore  and  exploit  the  region.  Its  rule  finally  became 
so  barbarous  and  inhuman  that  when  its  charter  expired  in  1862, 
renewal  of  its  franchise  was  refused. 

While  for  a  number  of  years  after  the  region  became  United 
States  territory  little  was  done  in  the  line  of  progress,  nevertheless  it 
is  a  fact  that  the  exploitation  and  development  of  the  country  has 
been  carried  on  since  it  became  an  American  possession. 


Standing  squarely  upon  the  historical  aspect  alone,  there  is 
every  reason  why  the  country  in  general  should  welcome  an  oppor- 
tunity such  as  the  Alaska-Yukon-Pacific  Exposition  gives,  to  show 
that  they  appreciate  the  worth  and  traditions  of  that  picturesque 
corner  of  America,  the  "old  Oregon"  of  Benton  and  Webster  and 
the  Alaska  of  Seward  and  Sumner,  rejoice  in  its  prosperity,  and  are 
proud  of  its  achievements. 

With  such  a  history  as  is  here  outlined,  with  a  country  which 
scenically  is  away  beyond  adequate  description,  and  which  possesses 
the  most  varied  and  valuable  elements  of  national  wealth  and  great- 
ness in  its  forests,  fisheries,  soil,  minerals,  harbors,  rivers,  and  water 
power,  with  a  population  intelligent,  moral,  and  progressive,  living 
in  cities  that  show  refined  architecture  and  twentieth  century  ideals 
and  on  farms  that  teach  a  new  and  better  and  more  intensive  agri- 
culture and  horticulture,  the  people  of  "old  Oregon,"  Alaska,  and 
the  Yukon  will  have  no  apology  to  make  for  this,  the  latest  exposition, 
either  upon  the  day  it  is  first  thrown  open  for  inspection,  or  upon 
the  departure  of  the  last  lingering  guest. 


In  the  Pnyallnp  Valley,  Washington 


Docks  and  Warehouses,  Tacoma, 


A  Progressive  Country 

T  the  time  of  the  completion  of  the  Northern 
Pacific  Railway  to  the  coast,  the  development 
of  this  vast  region  had  scarcely  begun.  Port- 
land had  a  population  of  about  30,000,  Tacoma 
4,000,  and  Seattle  7,000.  From  the  time,  1883, 
that  the  railway  opened  the  north  coast  to 
easy  emigration,  the  growth  and  progress  has 
been  phenomenal  and  the  people  have  poured 
in  from  all  parts  of  our  common  country.  The 
combined  population  of  these  three  cities  at  the  beginning  of  1908 
was  in  excess  of  500,000,  and  Spokane  in  Eastern  Washington,  which 
has  sprung  from  almost  nothing  since  the  advent  of  the  railway, 
boasts  a  rapidly -growing  population  of  about  100,000.  In  1890  the 
population  of  Oregon,  Washington,  and  Idaho  was  less  than 
750,000;  to-day  a  conservative  estimate  will  add  not  less  than 
1,000,000  to  that  figure.  These  people  have  come  from  all  parts 
of  the  United  States;  their  family  relatio'iships  and  connections, 
without  doubt,  literally  extend  to  every  state  in  the  Union,  and 
those  "mystic  chords  of  memory"  to  which  Lincoln  so  beautifully 
referred  in  his  first  inaugural,  hold  them  still  in  bonds  of  affection 
to  the  old  New  England  hillsides,  the  sunny  homes  in  the  South- 
land, and  the  firesides  of  the  Middle  West. 

The  port  of  Puget  Sound  comprises  the  State  of  Washington. 
For  1907  the  imports  for  this  district  equalled,  in  round  numbers, 
$25,350,000,  and  the  exports  $43,300,000.  Of  the  imports  copper 
in  various  forms  exceeded  $4,000,000  and  silk  $14,500,000,  in  value. 
Of  exports  wheat  and  flour  amounted  to  $15,000,000;  cotton  in 
raw  and  cloth  form,  nearly  $11,000,000,  manufactured  iron  and 
steel  $3,500,000,  lumber  $4,000,000. 


A  recent  newspaper  article  states  that  the  wheat  harvest  for 
1908  in  Idaho,  Washington,  and  Oregon  amounted  to  60,000,000 
bushels,  requiring  the  harvesting  services  of  60,000  men.  The 
value  of  the  crop  was  about  $50,000,000  and  the  60,000  men  received 
$6,000,000  in  wages.  In  harvesting  the  crop  2,250  combined  har- 
vesting machines  were  used.  These  were  variously  operated  by 
horse,  steam,  and  gasoline  power. 

Seattle  and  Tacoma,  the  two  principal  cities  of  the  Puget  Sound 
region,  have  invested  in  manufacturing  establishments  $48,000,000. 
These  establishments  employ  32,000  wage  earners,  and  the  annual 
pay-roll  equals  $27,000,000. 

Tacoma  boasts  a  very  fine  high  school — one  of  the  finest  in  the 
West — that  cost  $500,000,  and  several  denominational  educational 
institutions.  Seattle  has  the  State  university,  and  the  two  cities 
together  have  more  than  three  hundred  church  organizations. 

What  is  true  of  these  two  cities  is  true  of  all  the  North  Coast 
towns  and  cities.  Materially,  educationally,  religiously,  the  region 
is  prospering.  While  push,  snap,  energy,  and  business  thrift  are 
characteristic  of  this  people,  they  do  not  subordinate  the  higher 
and  better  ideals  of  life  to  the  sordid  and  grosser  things  of  the  world. 
Their  noble  mountains,  almost  tinged  with  divinity,  and  other  gems 
of  earthly  grandeur,  mutely  protestant,  would  surely  hold  them,  if 
needs  be,  true  to  life's  great  compass  of  the  Golden  Rule. 

Important  streams  flow- 
ing into  Puget  Sound  fresh 
from  the  mountains  round 
about,  are  the  Lummi,  Skagit, 
Snohomish,  Dwamish,  Puy- 
allup,  Nisqually,  Des  Chutes 
and  Skokomish. 

The  valleys  of  these  and 
their  tributary  streams  are 
very  rich,  have  a  fine  water 
power  but  partially  developed, 
and  afford  great  opportunities 
for  fruit,  grain  and  dairy 
farming  and  lumbering.  Good 
markets  are  at  hand  and  a 
good  quality  of  coal  for  fuel 

is  found  in  the  Cascade  Moun- 

Road  through  a  Washington  Forest  tains. 

13 


The  Manufactures  Building.     Geyser  Basin  in  the  foreground 


The  Exposition 


1 

1 

I^mtSHSK 

J 

>^BnB   ^'    JBM 

JSiM 

N  carrying  forward  the  work,  one  fact  has  been 
borne  prominently  in  mind — to  have  the  Ex- 
position in  all  its  details  ready  on  the  opening 
day,  June  i,  1909.  So  successfully  have  the 
plans  worked  out,  that  this  aim  is  certain  of  ac- 
complishment. This  fact,  with  one  other,  will 
serve  to  distinguish  this  from  other  expositions. 
The  second  feature  is  that,  contrary  to  the  ex- 
perience of  most  if  not  all  previous  exposi- 
tions, several  of  the  buildings  will  be  of  a  substantial  and  permanent 
character,  for  the  subsequent  use  of  the  Washington  State  University. 
The  time — June  to  October — for  holding  the  exposition  is  the 
most  glorious  of  the  year  in  the  North  Coast  Country.  The  average 
high  temperature  in  July  is  74  degrees,  in  August  70  degrees.  With 
the  many  fine  trips  by  water  and  land  available,  one  is  enabled  to 
almost  live  out  of  doors,  entirely,  while  visiting  Seattle,  if  so  minded. 
Agriculture  is  to  play  a  big  part  in  the  general  scheme  at  the 
Alaska-Yukon-Pacific  Exposition.  Of  the  two  largest  exhibit 
palaces,  one  will  be  devoted  exclusively  to  agriculture,  and  it  may  be 
found  necessary  to  erect  an  annex. 

More  than  this,  every  state,  and  every  county  of  Washington 
that  exhibits  in  a  separate  building  will  give  to  agriculture  the 
leading  place.  The  United  States  Government's  exhibit  will  be  of 
particular  interest  to  the  farmer  and  stockman.  Irrigation  and 
forestry  exhibits  will  be  made  in  the  main  Government  building, 
while  many  private  exhibits  by  irrigation  companies  will  be  made. 

14 


There  will  be  an  extensive  outdoor  display,  with  a  model 
farm  and  a  model  irrigated  tract.  Live  stock,  poultry,  and  farm 
machinery  are  to  be  given  separate  displays,  and  the  prizes  in  the 
live  stock  and  poultry  divisions  will  be  large  and  valuable.  ' 

The  comprehensive  display  of  the  United  States  Depart- 
ment of  Agriculture  will  be  of  the  most  practical  benefit  to  every 
farmer,  stockman,  horticulturist,  poultryman,  and  dairyman;  and 
models,  transparencies,  slides,  photographs,  etc.,  will  be  used  in 
illustration. 

Public  roads  will  receive  proper  attention  and  the  exhibits 
will  contain  photographs,  transparencies,  specimens  of  road- 
making  material,  the  latest  machines  for  testing  same,  a  work- 
ing model  showing  the  various  stages  of  road  construction,  with 
working  models  of  road  machinery,  etc.  Illustrated  lectures  will 
be   given. 

The  Bureau  of  Entomology  will  display  a  series  of  enlarged 
models  and  a  large  line  of, specimens  of  insects,  both  beneficial  and 
injurious  to  forage  and  cereal  crops,  fruits,  and  forest  trees. 

Forestry  will  have  a  separate  exhibit.  Colored  and  uncolored 
transparencies  and  photographs  illustrating  the  work  of  the  Forest 
Service;  charts,  maps,  models,  and  illustrated  lectures  explaining 
the  principles  and  application  of  practical  forestry  in  the  formation, 
management,  and  preservation  of  planted  and  natural  forests  will 
be  shown  and  given,  and  the  weather  bureau  and  experimental  sta- 
tion's work  will  receive  special  attention. 


The  Snow-Covered  Olympics  Are  in  Plain  View 
15 


Harbor,  Victoria,  B.  C. 


The  Grounds 


HE  grounds  where  the  exposition  will  be  held  are 
a  portion  of  the  campus  of  the  Washington 
State  University.  The  exposition  grounds  are 
250  acres  in  extent  and  but  twenty  minutes' 
ride  from  the  business  section  of  the  city.  Scen- 
ically,  no  finer  grounds  were,  probably,  ever 
used  for  such  a  purpose  Set  between  two 
beautiful  fresh-water  lakes  Washington  and 
Union,  the  grounds  present  unsurpassed  stretches 
of  water  front,  and  tall,  stately  giants  of  the  forest,  entrancing 
vistas,  gentle  slopes,  and  commanding  terraces  add  to  the  beauty 
of  the  picture. 

The  principal  thoroughfare,  Rainier  Avenue,  is  in  a  direct  line 
with  that  grand,  white-domed  sentinel.  Mount  Rainier,  14,363  feet 
in  height,  whose  perpetually  snow-capped  peak  may  be  plainly  seen 
from  the  grounds.  The  snow-covered  Olympics  and  glacial  Mount 
Baker,  towering  over  the  green-black  Cascade  Range  are  also  in 
plain  view. 

As  in  all  large  expositions,  the  Alaska-Yukon-Pacific  Exposition 
has  a  central,  a  focal  point,  towards  which  all  roads  tend,  and  about 
which  gather  the  chief  decorative  beauties  of  the  entire  construction. 
This  Court  of  Honor,  in  the  case  of  the  1909  exposition,  is  a  very 
beautiful  assemblage  of  buildings,  statues,  fountains,  electrical 
eflFects,  and  trees,  shrubs,  and  flowers.  Everything  is  planned  to 
produce  a  harmonious  effect,  from  the  smallest  shrub  in  the  border 
of  the  pathways  to  the  gigantic  towers  and  domes  that  overlook  the 
entire  exposition. 

16 


The  principal  buildings  of  the  exposition  surround  the  Court 
of  Honor  in  terraced  uniformity,  the  entire  effect  reaching  its 
maximum  at  the  upper  end  of  the  court.  Here  the  main  govern- 
ment building  will  stand,  with  its  great  dome  in  the  center  of  the 
pile,  and  in  front  of  it  the  slender  but  tall  electric  tower. 
The  lower  end  of  the  Court  is  open,  showing  a  distant  view  of 
Mount  Rainier.  In  the  immediate  foreground  of  the  lower  opening 
of  the  Court  lie  the  formal  or  sunken  gardens  known  as  the  Vista 
Gardens.  The  center  of  the  Court  is  taken  up  with  a  circular  foun- 
tain basin,  or  lake,  some  two  hundred  and  sixty  feet  in  diameter  and 
eight  feet  deep.  From  the  center  of  this  a  gigantic,  artificial  geyser 
will  play  a  hundred  and  fifty  feet  into  the  air.  Smaller  geysers  will 
reinforce  this,  and  electricity  will  be  used  at  night  in  such  a  manner 
as  to  break  up  the  light  reflection  and  refraction  into  the  prismatic 
colors.     This  is  an  entirely  new  idea  in  water  illumination. 

From  in  front  of  the  Government  building  and  the  Electric 
Tower,  the  Cascades,  the  principal  decorative  feature,  will  glide  grace- 
fully over  several  successive  steps,  or  terraces,  toward  the  geyser 
fountain,  into  whose  basin  the  waters  will  flow.  The  Cascades  will 
be  the  piece  de  resistance  of  the  exposition.  They  will  produce  effects 
more  wonderful  than  any  presented  by  similar  features  at  former 
expositions. 

Starting  from  the  head  of  the  Cascades  the  water  will  flow  over 
six  terraces  before  it  disappears  in  the  geyser  basin.  About  forty 
thousand  gallons  of  water  will  tumble  over  the  Cascades  every  min- 
ute, broken  up  in  such  a  manner  as  to  produce  a  crystal  spray  effect. 

At  night  the  Cascades  will  be  a  blaze  of  glory.  By  the  use  of 
electric  lights  placed  beneath  the  water,  and  prismatic  glass,  the 
visitor  will  be  given  a  sight  such  as  has  never  been  seen  at  any  pre- 
vious world's  fair.  Each  terrace  will  present  one  of  the  primary 
colors  in  the  center,  with  its  endless  gradations  of  shade  spreading 
out  on  each  side,  and  producing  a  most  unique  effect. 

The  landscape  gardening  around  the  buildings  will  make  the 
main  picture  a  bower  of  beauty.  Thousands  of  box  trees,  formally 
enclosed  in  ornamental  tubs,  will  be  set  about  the  grounds,  through 
the  Court",  lining  the  paths  and  bordering  the  buildings.  Roses, 
cactuses,  dahlias,  and  other  flowers  and  exotic  plants  and  shrubs 
will  be  set  out  in  beautifully  arranged  beds  on  the  velvety  lawns. 

A  splendidly  designed  ornamental  railing,  massive  in  character, 
will  surround  the  Cascades  and  Geyser  Basin.  This  balustrade  will 
be  broken  at  intervals  by  great  vases,  some  plain,  and  others  deco- 
rated with  the  exposition's  official  seal  in  bas  relief.  On  the  top- 
most shelf  of  the  Cascades  will  stand  a  gigantic  piece  of  statuary 

17 


three  stories  high,  and  composed  of  figures  typical  of  certain  salient 
features  of  the  countries  the  exposition  is  held  to  exploit.  Distrib- 
uted around  the  main  picture  will  be  many  pieces  of  statuary,  his- 
torical and  allegorical  in  character. 

The  Electric  Tower,  which  will  furnish  the  northern  end  of  the 
Court  of  Honor  with  its  tall,  perpendicular  motif,  will  be  an  open  one 
containing  a  central  stairway  around  the  shaft.  It  will  rise  to  a 
height  of  more  than  250  feet.  At  night  it  will  be  reconstructed  in 
fire  by  means  of  the  festive  shimmer  of  countless  filaments,  as  the 
architecture  of  the  tower  is  such  as  to  show  it  ofiE  in  radiant  beauty. 
Appropriately,  the  Electric  Tower  will  have  the  general  lines  of  a 
lighthouse. 

The  two  hundred  and  fifty  acres  of  grounds  have  been  artis- 
tically laid  out  under  the  direction  of  the  Messrs.  Ohnstead,  the 
well-known  landscape  gardeners,  and  at  the  time  of  the  exposition 
will  be  an  exhibition  of  -North  Coast  forestry  and  floral  beauty  well 
worth  seeing  for  themselves  alone. 

From  the  greenhouses,  which  have  been  in  operation  for  two 
years,  over  a  million  plants,  among  them  250,000  rose  bushes,  have 
been  used  in  ground  decorations. 

Miles  of  sewers,  water  mains,  gas  mains,  electric  conduits, 
curbing,  streets,  and  cinder  paths  have  been  laid  and  made,  and  the 
streets  will  be  surfaced  with  asphalt. 


A  Rose  Lawn,  Portland 
18 


Group  of  Buildings,  Exposition  Grounds,  Seattle 


The  Buildings 

HE  United  States  Government  and  many  of  the 
states  have  made  appropriations  for  suitable 
buildings  to  be  erected  on  the  exposition 
grounds. 

The  Government  Appropriation  is  $600,- 
000,  which  will  be  expended  as  follows:  The 
sum  of  $250,000  in  the  erection  of  the  Main 
Government,  Alaska,  Hawaii,  Philippines,  and 
Fisheries  buildings.  The  remaining  $350,000 
will  be  expended  for  the  collection  and  installation  of  exhibits,  and 
the  erection  and  maintenance  of  a  life-saving  station  on  Lake 
Washington. 

The  Government  group  of  buildings,  which  will  stand  at  the  head 
of  the  Court  of  Honor  in  the  northern  part  of  the  grounds,  filling  in 
one  end  of  the  main  vista,  is  designed  by  the  supervising  architect  of 
the  Treasury  Department.  These  structures  will  be  in  harmony 
with  the  general  architectural  scheme  designed  by  Howard  & 
Galloway,  the  exposition's  supervising  architects.  The  main  build- 
ing will  be  the  largest  structure  on  the  grounds.  It  will  be  sur- 
mounted by  a  huge  dome,  whose  extreme  height  above  the  grounds 
will  be  more  than  200  feet.  To  the  west  of  this  building 
and  connected  with  it  by  a  peristyle,  will  stand  the  Alaska  building, 
to  the  east  the  Hawaii  and  Philippines  buildings,  and  still  beyond  them 
and  farther  to  the  east,  the  Fisheries  building  will  have  its  place. 
These  buildings  will  harmonize  along  the  same  architectural  lines, 
except  for  their  decorative  features,  and  directly  in  front  of  the 
Government  group  will  stand  the  highly  ornamented  Electric  Tower. 
Some  of  the  State  buildings  will  contain  exhibits  illustrative 

19 


of  the  resources  and  industries  of  the  commonwealths,  while  others 
will  be  simply  convenient  headquarters  for  visiting  people  from  those 
particular  states,  and  places  from  which  literature  can  be  distributed. 
Many  social  functions  will  be  held  in  the  State  buildings. 

Washington,  the  hostess  State,  will  have  a  building  costing 
$150,000.  Here  will  be  found  the  State's  exhibit  and  also  the  officers 
of  the  Washington  State  Commission. 

Oregon  will  have  a  building  here  that  will  attract  almost  as 
much  attention  as  did  the  Oregon  building  at  the  Lewis  and  Clark 
Exposition.    Oregon  appropriated  $100,000  for  building  and  exhibits. 

California  will  have  a  structure  in  the  mission  style  of  archi- 
tecture so  common  to  the  State.  A  subtropical  garden  will  be  a 
feature  of  its  surroundings.  The  State's  appropriation  is  $100,000, 
and  more  will  be  provided  if  necessary. 

Utah  will  have  an  attractive  building;  Missouri,  from  its 
experience  at  other  expositions,  and  particularly  at  the  St.  Louis 
exposition,  knows  the  value  of  proper  representation  at  such  places, 
and  will  invest  about  $75,000  in  building  and  exhibit;  Nebraska 
will  also  have  its  building  and  exhibit. 

This  will  indicate  somewhat  the  way  in  which  the  West  has 
taken  hold  of  the  matter ;  one  or  two  examples  will  show  the  attitude 
of  the  East. 

New  York  has  appropriated  $75,000  for  a  suitable  building  to 
represent  the  dignity  and  importance  of  the  Empire  State. 

Pennsylvania  has  also  devoted  $75,000  to  this  purpose.  A 
unique  feature  of  the  exhibit  will  be,  as  planned,  to  have  a  minia- 
ture coal  mine  reproduced  and  in  operation  during  the  fair. 

The  State  of  Washington  in  appropriating  $1,000,000  for  the 
exposition  provided  that  $600,000  of  that  sum  should  be  devoted  to 
the  erection  of  three  permanent  buildings,  suitable  for  the  exposition 
work,  yet  capable,  afterwards,  of  being  utilized  for  educational  pur- 
poses. As  the  exposition  was  to  use  the  great  campus  of  the  State 
university  the  matter  was,  thus,  easily  arranged. 

Other  permanent  buildings  are  the  Arctic  Brotherhood  building, 
a  structure  costing  $25,000,  and  the  Emergency  Hospital,  which 
will  be  continued    in  use  as  a  hospital  for  the  university. 

The  Manufactures  Building,  located  on  the  left  and  to  the 
east  of  the  Geyser  Fountain,  is  one  of  the  largest  buildings,  being 
450  X  150  feet  in  size,  and  costing  $90,000.  The  main  facade 
presents  a  colonnade  of  huge  columns,  forming  a  pergola  effect, 
adorned  with  growing  plants  and  vines. 

The  Palace  of  Agriculture  stands  across  the  Geyser  Foun- 
tain from  the  Palace  of  Manufactures,  a  twin  structure  in  size,  gen- 


eral  design,  and  cost,  but  entirely  different  in  its  staff  decorations. 
Containing  nearly  27,000  square  feet  of  exhibit  space,  this  structure 
provides  ample  room  for  the  extensive  agricultural  exhibits  which 
it  will  hold. 

Machinery  Hall,  fronting  on  Pacific  Avenue  near  Washington 
Circle,  is  one  of  the  permanent  brick  structures.  Its  design  is  a 
modern  adaptation  of  the  old  mission  style  of  architecture  and  its 
cost  $80,000.  Being  221  x  loi  feet  in  size,  it  provides  12,768  square 
feet  of  exhibit  space. 

The  Forestry  Building,  costing  $75,000,  will  face  on  Nome 
Circle.  It  will  be  an  immense  log  house,  supposedly  the  largest  ever 
built.  Erected  from  huge  logs  in  their  rough  state  and  finished  with 
immense  log  columns,  the  structure  will  present  an  imposing  and 
unique  appearance. 

The  Palace  of  Fine  Arts,  just  inside  of  the  main  entrance  to 
the  left  of  Puget  Plaza  and  facing  on  Alaska  Avenue,  will  be  a  per- 
manent fireproof  building  erected  of  buff  brick  with  terra  cotta  trim- 
mings and  will  cost  $157,000.  The  structure  will  present  an  impos- 
ing front,  with  a  striking  entrance  portal  adorned  with  huge  Corin- 
thian columns.  In  this  building  will  be  seen  one  of  the  best  exhibi- 
tions of  fine  arts  ever  given  and  the  finest  ever  made  in  the  Pacific 
West.     A  large  display  of  loan  collections  will  be  among  its  treasures. 

The  Mines  Building  has  its  short  front  on  the  east  of  Cascade 
Court  and  is  one  of  the  structures  that  helps  to  form  the  main  picture. 
In  architectural  design  it  is  a  modern  adaptation  of  the  classic. 
The  building,  which  will  typify  the  mining  industry  is  228  x  89  feet 
in  size  with  11,340  square  feet  of  exhibit  space,  and  cost  $37,500. 

The  Fisheries  Building  will  stand  on  the  west  side  of  Cascade 
Court.  It  will  be  a  twin  structure  to  the  Mines  building,  and  will 
cost  the  same,  $37,500.  The  Fisheries  building  will  represent  all 
phases  of  the  fisheries  of  the  Pacific  Ocean,  the  rivers,  streams, 
and  lakes  of  the  Pacific  Northwest.  The  Government's  Fisheries 
Building  will  contain  exhibits  of  live  fish  and  displays  showing  the 
various  methods  Uncle  Sam  employs  in  maturing  different  species  of 
fish  that  frequent  the  streams  of  Alaska  and  the  Pacific  Northwest. 
In  the  Exposition's  Fisheries  building,  the  principal  exhibits  will 
relate  to  the  fisheries  industry  on  the  Pacific  Coast.  For  instance,  a 
miniature  salmon  cannery  will  be  shown  in  operation. 

The  Foreign  Exhibits  Building,  costing  $40,000,  will  be 
devoted  entirely  to  foreign  displays.  It  will  stand  west  of  the 
Palace  of  Agriculture  with  one  of  its  short  fronts  facing  on  Lake 
Union  Avenue.  Being  180  x  280  feet  in  size,  it  will  furnish  50,400 
square  feet  of  space. 


The  Transportation  Building  will  occupy  a  position  on  the 
east  of  the  Manufactures  building.  It  will  be  imposing  in  appear- 
ance and  will  cost  $40,000.  In  size,  310  x  180  feet,  it  will  furnish 
55,800  square  feet  of  floor  space. 

The  Auditorium  is  one  of  the  permanent  buff  brick  and  steel 
structures,  that  will  remain  for  the  use  of  Washington  University 
after  the  fair  closes.  Erected  on  a  high  terrace  and  towering  seventy 
feet  in  the  air,  it  presents  an  imposing  appearance.  Its  front  is 
on  Alaska  Avenue  and  shows  a  colonnade  effect  of  tall  Corinthian 
columns,  between  which  are  seven  ornate  doorways. 

This  building  will  accommodate  comfortably  about  2,500  per- 
sons, is  provided  with  a  large  stage,  an  orchestra  and  balcony, 
will  be  172  X  144  feet  in  size  and  will  cost  $210,000. 

Many  of  the  counties  of  the  State  of  Washington  will  erect  fine 
buildings.  Among  those  which  will  put  up  handsome  structures  are 
King,  Spokane,  and  Pierce  counties. 

The  Fire  Department  Station  is  advantageously  located  and 
is  equipped  with  all  modern  apparatus  and  a  crew  is  always  on  duty 
to  protect  exposition  property  from  fire. 

The  Emergency  Hospital  is  located  in  a  quiet  and  shady  por- 
tion of  the  grounds  away  from  the  hustle  and  bustle  of  the  crowds. 
A  resident  physician  and  nurses  are  always  in  attendance.  The 
hospital  consists  of  a  surgery,  private  rooms  and  wards,  and 
quarters  for  the  force  in  charge. 

Near  the  main  entrance,  but  concealed  by  larger  buildings  in 
such  a  manner  as  not  to  mar  the  harmony  of  the  architectural  effect, 
will  be  placed  other  service  buildings  to  be  variously  used  as  a  branch 
post  office,  express  office,  telegraph  office,  etc. 


The  Forestry  Building  on  April  15th 
22 


Dairy  Scene,  Pttget  Sound  Country 


E 

ia 

1 

Miscellaneous  Features 

HE  Pay  Streak.  In  most  expositions  the  amuse- 
ment quarter  has  been  a  leading  feature.  And 
as  the  Alaska- Yukon-Pacific  Exposition  aims 
to  be  original  in  all  things,  it  is  in  keeping 
that  an  entirely  new  and  at  the  same  time  very- 
apt  name  should  have  been  found  for  this 
quarter,  a  name,  indeed,  suggestive  of  the 
northern  character  of  the  exposition. 
The  amusement  feature  at  Chicago  and 
Buffalo  was  known  as  "The  Midway;"  at  St.  Louis  it  was  "The  Pike;" 
the  Lewis  and  Clark  Exposition  at  Portland  named  it  "The  Trail," 
and  at  the  Jamestown  Exposition  it  was  "The  Warpath."  At 
Seattle  in  1909  it  will   be  called  the  "Pay  Streak." 

In  Alaska  and  the  Yukon  and  in  all  placer  mining  countries, 
the  words  "pay  streak"  have  a  great  significance.  The  gold  dust  and 
nuggets  carried  by  the  action  of  the  water  accumulate  just  above  the 
bedrock  of  a  creek  or  river  in  a  more  or  less  continuous  line.  And 
while  gold  is  found  through  the  other  silt  and  gravel  of  the  stream, 
it  is  found  in  its  best  and  richest  form,  only  when  this  Pay  Streak 
is  reached.  Thus,  to  those  unacquainted  with  mining  terms,  the 
appropriate  nature  of  the  name  as  applied  to  this  portion  of  the 
exposition  will  be  seen. 

The  Pay  Streak,  three-quarters  of  a  mile  in  length,  will  extend 
from  near  the  main  entrance  to  Lake  Union  on  the  west,  where  it  will 
terminate  in  an  ornate  boat  landing,  from  which  the  grand  esplanade 
will  extend  over  the  water  along  the  lake  shore  to  Lake  Washington. 
In  order  that  the  army  of  visitors  may  enjoy  their  sightseeing 
the  buildings  here  will  be  found  only  on  that  side  of  the  street  which 


23 


is  shady  in  the  afternoon.  On  the  other  side  stands  a  high  bank, 
covered  with  vines  and  flowers,  from  amidst  which  cooling  fountains 
will  play.  In  all,  more  than  $1,000,000  will  have  been  spent  on  this 
street  alone. 

The  entrance  will  be  such  as  no  other  world's  fair  has  had  for 
its  gaiety  boulevard.  Totem  poles  and  a  modern  adaptation  of  the 
architectural  styles  of  China  and  Japan  will  constitute  the  principal 
features.  There  will  be  six  poles  thirty  feet  apart,  on  each  side 
of  the  avenue.  Between  the  poles  will  be  ropes  of  garlands,  from 
which  will  be  suspended  Japanese  lanterns.  The  reproduction  of 
the  Alaskan  native's  family  tree  will  be  thirty  feet  high  and  highly 
chromatic.  At  night  the  eyes  and  grinning  mouths  of  these  effigies 
will  be  illuminated  by  electric  lights,  producing  odd  efifects. 

As  the  visitor  passes  along  between  the  totem  poles  his  eyes  will 
meet  the  grand  archway,  a  combination  of  different  kinds  of 
architecture,  which  will  carry  an  ornamental  screen  with  the 
official  seal  of  the  exposition  in  bright  colors  in  the  center.  The 
pagoda  roof  will  be  what  might  be  termed  "Jap-Alaskan"  in  style  of 
architecture. 

Government  Exhibit.  The  United  States  Government  will 
have  the  largest  exhibit  at  the  Alaska- Yukon-Pacific  Exposition, 
and  in  many  respects,  the  most  unique  exhibition  ever  made  by  the 
Government.  The  commissioners,  who  have  been  connected  with 
every  government  exhibit  in  recent  years,  determined  at  the  start 
that  the  exhibit  should  be  something  new  and  of  practical  benefit. 

Because  of  the  deep  interest  of  the  West  in  forestry,  irrigation, 
dry-land  farming,  improved  agricultural  methods,  fisheries,  and 
everything  connected  with  the  deep  sea,  it  is  proposed  to  treat  these 
subjects  from  an  educational  standpoint,  to  give  demonstrations  of 
practical  methods,  and  by  means  of  a  bioscope  and  pictures  to  show 
actual  conditions.  Thus  the  man  who  is  interested  in  irrigation  and 
horticulture  will  find  the  best  practices  illustrated  by  models,  pic- 
tures, and  charts,  and  actual  workings  by  the  bioscope.  He  will  learn 
how  to  prepare  the  land,  how  to  run  irrigation  canals,  how  to  plant, 
spray,  and  care  for  his  trees,  how  to  pick  and  pack  the  fruit. 

Treadwell  Gold  Mine  Exhibit.  The  famous  Treadwell 
Mines  of  Douglas  Island,  Alaska,  Exhibit  will  consist  of  bricks  and 
bars  of  real  gold,  tons  of  rich  gold  quartz,  and  many  sacks  of  the 
richest  concentrates,  the  total  aggregating  half  a  million  dollars  in 
value.  The  company  will  likewise  have  a  small  milling  plant  at 
which  gold  ore  from  the  Treadwell  mines  will  be  treated,  the  same 
as  at  the  great  works  on  Douglas  Island.  The  Treadwell  is  one 
of  the  oldest  mines  in  Alaska,    having  been  in  almost  continuous 


operation  for  twenty-five  years,  and  producing,  during  that  time, 
an  average  of  $2,000,000  in  gold  a  year,  half  of  which  is  clear  profit. 
The  Treadwell  takes  its  name  from  its  discoverer,  James  Treadwell. 
It  is  now  owned  by  the  English  Rothschilds. 

Live-Stock  Show.  An  important  part  of  the  exposition  will  be 
the  live-stock  show.  More  than  $100,000  has  been  appropriated  by 
the  exposition  management  for  the  live-stock  show.  Many  stock 
associations  will  also  provide  large  sums  to  be  distributed  in  prizes. 
The  show  will  be  held  during  the  latter  part  of  the  exposition,  and  it 
will  be  the  most  comprehensive  ever  held  on  the  Pacific  Coast. 

A  series  of  tests  pertaining  to  the  dairy  will  last  about  three 
weeks.  These  may  be  termed  original  research  work,  for  an  attempt 
will  be  made  to  solve  some  of  the  many  problems  that  confront  the 
farmer,  the  dairyman,  and  the  ranchman.  The  most  profitable 
means  of  producing  results  and  practical  demonstrations  in  han- 
dling stock,  in  stabling,  feeding,  and  the  handling  of  butter  and  milk 
will  be  a  part  of  the  exhibition. 

Music.  Special  attention  will  be  given  to  the  musical  attrac- 
tions of  the  exposition.  Frederick  Neil  Innes,  the  famous  band 
leader,  has  charge  of  this  feature  and  has  made  arrangements  for  the 
leading  musical  organizations  of  the  world  to  appear  during  the  exposi- 
tion.    There  will  be  musical  features  and  entertainments  of  all  kinds. 

The  Auditorium  will  be  equipped  with  on-e  of  the  largest  pipe 
organs  in  the  world. 

Military.  A  model  military  camp  will  be  established  in  the 
wooded  section  of  the  exposition  grounds  for  the  use  of  the  visiting 
military.  The  United  States  Government  will  keep  an  outfit  of 
regulars  at  the  exposition,  while  the  National  Guard  and  other  mili- 
tary organizations  will  occupy  the  model  camp  from  time  to  time. 

The  West  Point  cadets  and  the  United  States  Naval  Academy 
cadets  will  spend  some  time  at  the  exposition,  and  these  young  men, 
about  to  enter  Uncle  Sam's  service,  will  be  a  great  attraction. 

The  Alaska- Yukon-Pacific  Exposition  will  be  the  first  great 
international  fair  at  which  no  intoxicating  liquors  are  sold  on  the 
grounds.  The  State  laws  forbid  the  sale  of  liquor  within  two  miles 
of  the  State  University,  on  which  ground  the  exposition  will  be  held. 

A  full-working  wireless  telegraphy  plant  which  will  have  com- 
munication with  California  and  distant  Alaska  points  will  be  installed 
upon  the  exposition  grounds. 

A  unique  feature  of  the  Alaska-Yukon-Pacific  Exposition  will  be 
the  camps  of  the  Indians  of  the  Pacific  Northwest.  A  score  of  tribes 
will  be  represented,  including  the  famous  Nez  Perces. 

25 


The  Pacific  Squadron  of  the  United  States  Navy  will  be  at 
Seattle  on  the  opening  day  of  the  exposition,  June  i,  1909.  The 
fleet  consists  of  the  huge  armored  cruisers,  California,  Colorado, 
Maryland,  Pennsylvania,  South  Dakota,  Tennessee,  Washington, 
West  Virginia,  and  the  modern  protected  cruisers,  St.  Louis  and 
Milwaukee,  with  other  smaller  vessels.  Some  or  all  of  these  vessels  will 
be  in  the  Seattle  harbor  and  open  to  visitors  during  the  full  period 
of  the  exposition. 

The  school  children  of  Alaska  will  make  one  of  the  most  attrac- 
tive exhibits.  In  addition  to  showing  the  work  they  do  in  school, 
the  children  will  make  collections  of  the  flowers  and  plants  of  Alaska, 
take  pictures  of  scenes,  and  prepare  maps  of  various  localities. 
This  work  is  in  addition  to  the  displays  to  be  made  by  the  pupils  of 
the  native  schools.  Mrs.  Mary  E.  Hart,  special  commissioner,  has 
charge  of  this  feature. 

Cameras  over  the  size  of  3^  x  5^  will  be  excluded  from  the 
grounds.     In  no  case  will  tripods  be  allowed. 

There  are  nine  entrances  to  the  exposition.  The  main  entrance 
'*s  at  Fortieth  Street  and  Fifteenth  Avenue.  A  gate  will  be  located 
on  Fifteenth  Avenue  where  the  Northern  Pacific  Railway  tracks 
enter  the  grounds  and  a  railway  station  provided  for  special  par- 
ties coming  in  by  rail  who  wish 
to  be  delivered  at  the  grounds. 
At  the  end  of  Alaska  Avenue  on 
Lake  Union  there  will  be  a  water 
gateway.  There  will  be  two 
entrances  from  the  university 
campus,  one  opposite  Science 
Hall, and  the  other  near  the  girls' 
dormitory.  A  gate  will  be  found 
at  the  portage  and  another  at  the 
Lake  Washington  pier.  At  Fif- 
teenth Avenue  and  Forty-first 
Street  will  be  a  service  entrance. 
The  Northern  Pacific  Railway 
provides  a  frequent  train, express, 
and  freight  service  between  all 
important  points  on  Puget  Sound. 
Its    tracks   run  directly  through 

iLouer  Fall,  Yellou'sione  Park  ,'  the  Exposition  grounds. 

26 


^u 

rJ 

^■R^L 

h 

^H^^^JK^^^ 

Palace  of  Fine  Arts,  ivhicJi  ivill  heroine  the  Cliejiiistry  Seltool  of  tlic  State  I ' iiiversity 

Accommodations  for  Visitors 

HE  accommodations  for  visitors  in  Seattle  are 
unsurpassed.  Seattle,  the  largest  city  on  the 
Sound  and  one  of  the  oldest,  has  a  poj^ulation 
of  about  250,000,  and  is  essentially  a  hotel  city, 
a  large  part  of  its  population  residing  in  hotels 
or  lodgings.  The  city  is  full  of  interest  to 
one  of  an  energetic  turn.  In  proximity  to 
Seattle  and  the  waters  of  Puget  Sound  and 
Lake  Washington  lie  some  forty  cities  and 
towns  easily  accessible  from  Seattle  and  the  exposition  grounds. 

At  these  places  people  may  obtain  lodgings  as  elaborate  or  as 
simple  as  desired.  Steam  and  electric  cars  and  boats  on  the  sound 
and  lake  run  every  hour  between  these  places  and  the  city. 

The  hotels  and  apartment  houses  of  Seattle  are  unexcelled  in 
point  of  comfort  and  management.  Rooms  may  be  obtained  either 
in  the  center  of  the  city,  in  the  residential  districts,  or  in  the  neighbor- 
hood of  the  exposition.  In  recent  years  many  new  hotels  and  apart- 
ment houses  have  been  erected,  which  gives  assurance  that  prices 
will  be  reasonable  for  all  classes  of  visitors.  There  will  be  no  hotel  on 
the  grounds. 

The  exposition  will  establish  a  bureau  from  which  intending 
visitors  can  obtain  all  information.  A  person  can  write  the  bureau 
stating  the  probable  number  of  his  party,  accommodations  required, 
and  the  price  he  is  desirous  of  paying,  and  receive  in  return  a  list  of 
addresses  of  the  class  of  accommodations  desired. 

A  new  and  novel  exposition  feature  will  be  a  fleet  of  house- 
boats on  Lake  Washington  for  rent  at  reasonable  prices.  These 
boats  will  be  furnished  with  necessary  equipment  for  housekeeping 
and  can  be  anchored  either  near  the  exposition  grounds,  or  some 
distance  away. 

37 


Fargo,  North  Dakota  {top.)    Livingston,  Montana  (bottom.)   Butte,  Montana  (second) 
and  Bismarck,  North  Dakota  {third) 

A  GROUP  OF  NORTHERN  PACIFIC  STATIONS 
28 


Quinaielt  Indians  in  the  Pacific  Ocean  Surf,  and  Moclips,  Washington 


Interesting  Side  Trips 


HERE  is  no  region  in  our  country  that  can 
present  a  more  attractive  list  of  side  trips  than 
does  the  Pacific  Northwest.  It  is  an  ideal 
tourist  outing  region.  From  Seattle,  the  expo- 
sition city,  or  from  Spokane,  Tacoma,  or  Port- 
land, many  recreation  places  may  be  quickly 
and  conveniently  reached.  To  make  all  the 
side  trips  possible  would  require  more  time 
than  most  travelers  can  spare  probably,  but 
by  a  little  effort  many  of  them  may  be  enjoyed,  before,  during,  and 
after  the  exposition. 

The  Northern  Pacific  Railway  reaches  all  important  points 
about  Puget  Sound  and  provides  a  passenger  and  freight  service 
prompt,  efficient,  and  satisfactory  in  every  particular. 

Victoria,  B.  C.  Victoria,  one  of  the  quaintest  cities  of  the 
Pacific  Coast,  is  reached  by  daily  steamers  from  Seattle.  Situated  on 
the  southernmost  point  of  Vancouver  Island,  the  city  surrounds  a 
winding  bay  and  spreads  in  many  directions,  much  of  it  lying  along 
a  rocky  and  picturesque  coast  line.  Beacon  Hill  Park  is  one  of  the 
show  places  of  the  city,  and  Nob  Hill  displays  attractive  and  costly 
homes  in  which  English  ideas  are  strongly  marked  through  landscape 
effects,  architecture,  and  hedges.  Victoria's  Parliament  buildings 
are  examples  of  solid,  substantial,  and  artistic  public  structures.  A 
new  hotel,  the  Empress,  is  one  of  the  finest  on  the  Pacific  Coast. 
Its  site,  near  the  Parliament  buildings,  overlooks  the  harbor.  Visit- 
ors to  Victoria  should  tour  the  city  either  by  tally-ho  or  automobile. 
The  ride  embraces  the  Dallas  road,  along  the  waterfront,  and  is  one 


29 


of  the  finest  in  the  country.  Esquimalt,  until  recently  the  English 
naval  station,  rnay  also  be  visited.  Victoria  is  a  good  place  for  curio 
purchasers. 

Vancouver,  B.  C.  Vancouver  is  reached  either  by  the  Northern 
Pacific  Railway  and  its  connections,  via  Sumas  and  Mission,  by 
direct  steamer  line  or  by  steamers  touching  at  Victoria  en  route.  It 
is  the  present  railway  outlet  to  the  sea  for  Western  Canada  and 
British  Columbia  and  a  city  of  much  and  increasing  commercial 
importance.  Although  but  twenty  years  old,  it  presents  substantial 
business  blocks  and  attractive  residences.  Its  site  is  on  the  shores  of 
a  landlocked  harbor  north  of  which  rise  the  rugged  peaks  of  the 
Coast  Range.  The  scenic  surroundings  are  especially  fine.  From 
the  city  and  from  incoming  and  outgoing  steamers  one  enjoys  a 
splendid  view  of  Mount  Baker  with  its  tremendous  snow-capped 
dome  rising  10,827  ^^st  above  the  sea.  Stanley  Park,  a  forest 
reserve  leased  to  the  city  by  the  Government,  affords  a  delightful 
nine-mile  auto  ride.  One  may  here  view  the  primeval  North  Pacific 
Coast  forest  in  all  its  grandeur  and  impressive  beauty.  The  big 
trees  in  Stanley  Park,  the  Victoria  Fountain,  and  the  buffalo  corral 
are  points  of  special  interest.  The  trees,  although  not  so  many  in 
number,  vie  in  size  with  many  of  the  big  trees  of  California. 

Port  Townsend.  This  place  is  the  U.  S.  Port  of  Entry  for  the 
Puget  Sound  district.  It  is  most  attractively  situated  on  the  west 
side  of  the  ?ound  at  the  eastern  extremity  of  the  Strait  of  Fuca. 
Here  are  located  Forts  Casey,  Flagler,  and  Worden,  large  govern- 
ment posts.  The  Olympic  range  lies  back  of  the  city  and  between 
the  city  and  mountains  lies  a  very  fine  stretch  of  land.  Dairy 
farms  are  found  and  the  climate  is  most  salubrious. 

MocLips.  Moclips,  Sunset  Beach,  and  Pacific  Beach,  lying  but 
short  distances  apart,  are  situated  on  the  shores  of  the  Pacific  Ocean 
at  the  end  of  the  Gray's  Harbor  branch  line  of  the  Northern  Pacific 
Railway  and  are  very  attractive  points  for  a  quiet  sea  coast  outing. 
The  ocean  beach,  broad,  smooth,  and  hard,  is  especially  interesting, 
and  seen  at  evening  with  the  heavy  swells  of  the  ocean  breaking  into 
foam  and  spray,  is  a  sight  not  soon  forgotten.  Moclips  is  located  in 
a  region  of  much  scenic  beauty,  the  coast  being  more  or  less  moun- 
tainous and  rocky.  Point  Grenville  near  the  Quinaielt  Indian  Reser- 
vation lies  but  six  miles  distant  along  the  beach,  and  the  ride  to  the 
Indian  town  is  a  frequent  diversion  for  tourists.  Hotel  accommoda- 
tions are  good,  a  large  modern  hotel  having  been  recently  erected. 

Bremerton.  Bremerton,  the  seat  of  the  United  States  Naval 
Station  on  Puget  Sound,  lies  directly  to  the  west  from  Seattle  and 

30 


is  reached  by  harbor  boats  making  regular  and  frequent  trips.  Vis- 
itors are  admitted  to  the  grounds  and  will  find  much  to  interest  them 
in  the  work  which  is  nearly  always  in  progress  upon  one  or  another 
of  the  fighting  ships  of  our  splendid  navy.  There  are  usually  several 
of  them  to  be  found  there. 

Everett.  Everett  is  a  thriving  manufacturing  city  located 
at  the  end  of  a  branch  of  the  Northern  Pacific  Railway,  on  one  of  the 
best  harbors  of  Puget  Sound.  It  is  also  reached  by  local  steamers. 
It  has  good  hotels,  large  lumber  and  paper  mills,  a  smelter  and 
many  other  industries. 

Bellingham.  North  of  Everett  and  just  south  of  the  inter- 
national boundary  is  Bellingham,  one  of  the  oldest  and  most  pros- 
perous of  the  Puget  Sound  cities.  It  has  large  manufacturing  plants 
and  canning  industries  which  are  of  interest  to  visitors.  The  hotels 
are  good,  and  Lake  Whatcom,  a  short  distance  away,  is  a  recreation 
spot.     The  city  is  reached  both  by  trains  and  steamers. 

Green  River  Hot  Springs.  Green  River  Hot  Springs,  about 
sixty  miles  east  from  Seattle  and  Tacoma  on  the  main  line  of  the 
Northern  Pacific,  is  a  modern,  well  equipped,  mineral  hot  springs 
sanatorium  in  the  heart  of  the  Cascade  Range.  Those  who,  during 
exposition  days,  would  appreciate  a  quiet  spot,  within  easy  reach  of 
Puget  Sound  cities  and  with  pleasant  mineral  baths,  massage,  etc., 
will  enjoy  Hotel  Kloeber  at  these  springs,  as  it  ranks  far  above  the 
usual  hot  springs  hotel  to  be  found  in  the  West,  and  the  rates — 
meals  a  la  carte — are  extremely  reasonable.  Vegetables  are  supplied 
from  the  hotel  ranch  in  Yakima  Valley.  The  waters  are  delightful 
for  bathing,  the  temperature  being  132°  Fahr.  They  are  efficacious 
in  rheumatism,  neuralgia,  disorders  of  the  heart,  kidneys,  digestive 
organs,  and  in  nervous  troubles.  Dr.  Kloeber,  the  proprietor,  is  a 
physician  and  surgeon,  and  the  healing  waters  with  massage,  etc., 
make  the  springs  a  restful  spot  for  a  few  days'  sojourn  during  or 
after  the  close  of  the  exposition.     Good  trout  fishing  is  at  hand. 

Hood's  Canal  and  Lake  Cushman.  The  finest  water  trip  from 
Tacoma  and  Seattle  is  that  through  Hood's  Canal  en  route  to  Lake 
Cushman.  The  Canal  is  one  of  those  long,  narrow  arms  so  common 
to  Puget  Sound,  with  impressive  mountain  scenery  and  with  many 
attractive  places  on  its  shores.  At  Hoodsport  a  stage  meets  the 
steamer  and  a  drive  of  several  miles  follows  through  the  shady  forest 
to  Lake  Cushman,  a  most  picturesque  spot  in  the  Olympic  Range. 
A  small  lake  at  the  base  of  high  mountains,  with  a  wide  expanse  of 
clearing  has  been  taken  advantage  of  to  provide  a  beautiful  retreat 
for  tired  humanity  among  the  mountains.     A  successful  attempt  at 

3Z 


simple  yet  pleasing  landscape  decoration  has  been  made.  The  hotels 
are  extremely  satisfactory  in  architecture,  room  accommodations, 
and  cuisine.  And  withal,  prices,  on  the  American  plan,  are  reason- 
able. 

Lake  Crescent.  Lake  Crescent,  deeply  set  in  the  heart  of 
another  part  of  the  Olympic  Range,  is  another  of  the  many  mountain 
lake  gems  for  which  the  North  Pacific  Coast  is  noted.  It  is  named 
for  its  shape,  and  is  nine  miles  long,  very  deep  and  beautiful.  The 
mountains  are  high  and  heavily  timbered,  the  climate  balmy,  and 
the  locality  is  most  attractive. 

There  are  several  charming  spots  on  the  lake  where  tourists 
may  stop  and  hotel  charges  are  reasonable  and  accommodations 
very  satisfactory.  A  steam  launch  makes  frequent  trips  around  the 
lake  daily  and  prices  are  so  low  that  one  can  enjoy  a  ride  on  the 
beautiful  blue  water  frequently  without  feeling  that  the  expense  need 
be  much  considered. 

And  the  fishing!  Who  that  is  really  interested  in  angling  does 
not  know  that  Lake  Crescent  is  the  home  of  the  Beardsleei  and 
Crescentis  trout?  They  were  discovered  and  brought  to  public 
notice  by  the  late  Admiral  Beardslee  of  the  navy.  There  are  also 
other  species  of  trout  found  here  and  no  angler  need  fear  the  lack 
of  sport. 

The  lake  is  reached  by  steamer  from  Seattle  to  either  Port 
Angeles  or  Port  Crescent  and  thence  by  driving.  The  drive  from 
Angeles  is  the  longer,  but  is  through  an  interesting  forest  country  that 
forms  a  natural  and  appropriate  introduction  to  the  region. 

Tacoma.  Tacoma,  being  so  near  Seattle,  will  naturally  share 
somewhat  in  the  glories  of  the  exposition.  Tacoma  is  a  beautiful 
city  and  is  growing  rapidly,  her  population  now  being  about 
100,000.  Her  large  wheat  warehouses — the  largest  m  the  world — 
her  extensive  shipping,  and  her  lumber  mills  are  especially  interest- 
ing to  visitors.  Lying  near  to  the  great  timber  area  of  the  Pacific 
Coast,  her  rail  and  water  transportation  facilities  have  given  excep- 
tional advantages  in  ocean  commerce  and  have  very  materially  aided 
the  building  up  of  immense  mills  for  the  conversion  of  the  rough 
logs  into  finished  lumber.  Tacoma  has  a  large  smelter,  and  its 
commercial  houses  do  a  heaw  retail  and  distributing  business.  The 
city  is  built  along  the  water  front  of  Commencement  Bay  of  Puget 
Sound,  and  on  the  higher  levels  are  charming  residence  sections  and 
parks  where  many  beautiful  and  costly  homes  are  found.  There 
are  several  excellent  hotels  and  a  visitor  may  profitably  spend 
many  days  enjoying  the  interesting  sights  which  a  visit  to  Tacoma 
offers. 

32 


The  Hotel  Tacoma  occupies  a  site  overlooking  Commencement 
Bay  and  commanding  a  fine  view  of  Mount  Rainier. 

The  Northern  Pacific  Railway  runs  frequent  trains  between 
Tacoma  and  Seattle  and  all  contiguous  towns,  and  there  are  also 
local  steamers  and  a  trolley  line  operating  between  the  cities. 

Paradise  Park.  A  very  unusual  trip,  full  of  rich  and  varied 
experiences,  is  that  to  Paradise  Park,  on  the  southern  slope  of  Mount 
Rainier.  Here  is  found  some  of  the  most  sublime  scenery  on  the 
globe.  Mountains,  falls,  glaciers,  canyons,  cliffs,  snow-fields, 
islands  of  timber,  rushing  streams,  wide  areas  of  living  green,  and  a 
most  wonderful  flora,  lie  stretched  on  all  sides.  If  the  visitor  be 
ambitious  in  the  line  of  mountain  climbing,  the  ascent  of  Mount 
Rainier,  the  grandest  glacial  peak  in  the  United  States  exclusive  of 
Alaska,  can  be  added  to  the  program.     For  this  a  guide  is  necessary. 

Paradise  Park  is  reached  by  the  Tacoma  Eastern  Railroad, 
which  extends  from  Tacoma  to  Ashford,  at  and  near  which  point 
there  are  several  good  stopping  places.  From  Ashford  a  stage  ride 
of  several  miles  over  a  good  road  built  and  maintained  by  the  Gov- 
ernment for  a  part  of  the  distance,  completes  the  journey  to  the 
Rainier  National  Park  Inn  at  Longmire  Springs. 

The  new  Inn  fits  the  locality,  is  three  stories  high,  of  artistic 
shingle  and  siding  construction,  commands  the  approaches  to 
Paradise  Park,  Indian  Henry's  Hunting  Ground,  Nisqually  Glacier, 
Narada  Falls,  and  all  places  of  scenic  interest  within  the  Rainier 
National  Park,  with  good  trails  leading  to  all  points.  Guides  and 
saddle  ponies  for  use  of  guests  are  maintained. 

From  Paradise  Park  and  Henry's  Hunting  Ground  magnificent 
views  of  Mount  Rainier  and  its  many  glaciers  and  of  the  Tatoosh 
Range,  an  unusually  fine  one,  are  to  be  had.  The  flora  and  large 
snow  fields  form  most  picturesque  scenic  effects,  early  in  the  season, 
particularly,  before  the  new  snow  has  melted. 

Olympia.  Olympia  is  one  of  the  oldest  cities  on  the  coast,  being 
settled  about  1850.  It  is  situated  on  Budd's  Inlet  at  the  head  of 
Puget  sound  and  is  the  capital  of  the  state  of  Washington.  It  is  in 
the  midst  of  a  rich  and  beautiful  country  and  has  all  the  accessories 
of  a  growing  and  prosperous  city.  The  Northern  Pacific  Railway 
connects  it  with  the  other  cities  on  the  Sound  and  with  Gray's 
Harbor  and  Portland.  Olympia  oysters  are  in  demand  all  over  the 
coast. 

Portland,  The  Rose  City,  a  few  hours'  ride  from  Seattle  and 
Tacom.a,  and  Oregon's  metropolis,  has  experienced  great  prosperity 
and  growth  consequent  upon  its  Lewis  and  Clark  Exposition  of  1905, 

33 


Chamber  of  Commerce  Building,  Portland,  Oregon 


and  the  steady  settlement  of  the  beautiful  Oregon  valleys  tributary 
to  it. 

From  Portland  some  of  the  grandest  trips  in  the  world  may  be 
made.  That  to  the  long,  clean,  delightful  ocean  beaches  at  Seaside 
and  North  Beach  near  Astoria  and  the  mouth  of  the  Columbia  River, 
is  sure  to  repay  one.  This  may  be  made  either  by  steamer  or  rail. 
Another  is  up  the  Columbia  River  to  the  Cascades,  at  Stevenson, 
or,  if  time  permits,  to  the  Grand  Dalles.  This  trip,  on  the  upper 
Columbia  River,  by  way  of  the  new  Spokane,  Portland  &  Seattle 
Railway,  is  one  of  the  great  scenic  river  trips  of  the  world  and 
will  prove  a  surprise  of  surprises  in  the  beauty  and  variety  of 
scenery. 

The  Rose  Festival  for  1909  will  be  held  at  Portland,  June  7-12, 
and  will  be  a  most  interesting  event.  The  city  will  be  elaborately 
decorated  at  an  expense  of  many  thousands  of  dollars  and  visitors 
to  Portland  at  that  time  will  certainly  enjoy  a  novel  treat. 

The  Portland  hotels,  modern  and  excellently  managed,  afford  at- 
tractive tourist  accommodations,  and  are  advantageously  located. 

From  Portland  five  great  snow  peaks  are  seen,  principal  of 
which  are  Mount  Hood,  Mount  St.  Helens,  and  Mount  Adams. 

34 


Astoria.  Astoria,  at  the  mouth  of  the  Columbia 'River,  and 
reached  either  by  rail  or  steamer,  was  founded  by  John  Jacob  Astor 
in  i8n.  It  is  a  very  important  lumbering  and  salmon-fishing  point. 
From  it  the  well-known  North  Beach  in  Washington,  and  South  and 
Flavel  Beaches,  in  Oregon,  are  easily  reached.  The  jetties  at  the 
mouth  of  the  river,  Fort  Canby  and  Cape  Disappointment  on  the 
Washington  shore,  and  Fort  Stevens  just  below  the  city  are  inter- 
esting points  to  visit. 

Spokane.  In  the  heart  of  a  great  basin  between  the  Cascade 
and  Rocky  Mountain  Ranges,  known  as  the  Inland  Empire,  lies  the 
city  of  Spokane  with  a  population  of  about  100,000.  It  occupies  a 
commanding  position  in  its  relation  to  the  trade  and  activities  of  the 
mountainous  mining  regions  to  the  east  and  north,  the  great  agricul- 
tural valleys  to  the  south,  and  the  enormous  wheat  plains  and  rich 
fruit-growing  districts  of  all  eastern  Washington.  Spokane's  rise  to 
commercial  importance  has  been  very  rapid.  It  was  originally  a 
Northwest  Fur  Company  post,  being  established  in  1 8 1 1 ,  in  opposition 
to  Astor's  enterprise  at  Astoria,  its  location  then  being  at  the  mouth 
of  the  Spokane  River.  The  city  proper  was  started  in  1873  and 
incorporated  in  1883.  Through  the  heart  of  the  city  runs  the  Spo- 
kane River,  which  furnishes  enormous  water  power,  utilized  in 
various  ways. 

The  Inland  Empire  is  a  region  of  lands  suitable  for  dry  farming, 
irrigation  farming,  and  is  rich  in  minerals.  It  is  reached  in  all  its 
important  points  and  cities  by  the  Northern  Pacific  and  affords 
unsurpassed  advantages  for  those  who  desire  to  better  themselves 
and  establish  new  homes  in  a  region  where  climate,  water,  and 
opportunity  are  all  that  can  be  desired. 

Spokane  is  a  city  of  beautiful  homes.  The  hillsides  play  an 
important  part  in  the  adornment  of  the  city,  and  these  have  been 
improved  with  rare  artistic  sense  with  the  result  that  homes  of  archi- 
tectural worth  and  charm  have  been,  and  are  being,  constantly  con- 
structed thereon.  Spokane  has  several  fine  parks  and  it  is  a  city 
that  will  amply  repay  the  time  spent  in  exploring  it  at  leisure. 

Spokane  is  well  known  for  its  hotels  and  restaurants.  Two  of 
these  cafes  are  noted  throughout  the  United  States  for  their  excellent 
service,  beauty  of  interior,  and  size. 

Those  who  attend  the  Alaska- Yukon-Pacific  Exposition  at 
Seattle  make  a  mistake  if  they  do  not  arrange  to  spend  a  few  days 
at  and  near  Spokane,  going  or  coming.  There  are  several  delightful 
outing  spots  near  at  hand,  prominent  among  them  being  Coeur 
d'Alene,  Liberty,  and  Hayden  Lakes.  The  Seventeenth  NatioAal 
Irrigation  Congress  will  hold  its  session  at  Spokane,  August  9-14. 

35 


Excursion  Steamer  Spokane  at  Muir  Glacier,  Alaska 

The  Trip  to  Alaska 


HE  Alaskan  tour  is  one  that  is  very  closely  con- 
nected with  the  Alaska- Yukon-Pacific  Exposi- 
tion. Those  who  visit  the  exposition  must 
remember  that  Alaska  steamers  start  from 
Puget  Sound.  Of  all  trips  by  water,  this  one 
along  the  indented  northwestern  coast,  by  way 
of  the  inland  passage,  is  the  chief. 

Good  steamers,  enchanting  scenery,  an  entire 
absence  of  seasickness,  give  to  this  tour,  in  fact, 
a  charming  individuality.  The  coast  line  is  broken  and  beautiful, 
innumerable  islands  dot  the  watery  expanse ;  the  black  forests  rise 
from  the  water's  edge  and  above  them  the  great  white  mountains 
stand  athwart  the  vision,  hiding  the  strange,  silent  land  beyond, 
and  the  fiords  and  glaciers  give  us  a  Norway  entirely  our  own. 
The  towns  of  this  Northland,  Juneau,  Skagway,  Sitka,  etc.,  with 
their  quaint,  unfamiliar  environment,  afford  new  and  interesting 
subjects  for  study. 

The  White  Pass  and  Yukon  route  across  the  mountains  above 
Skagway  affords  an  easy  route  into  the  upper  Yukon  region  and 
around  Atlin  Lake,  and  into  the  noted  Klondike. 

The  excursion  steamer  Spokane  will  make  five  excursions  from 
the  Sound  ports  to  the  Glaciers,  Totem  Pole  villages  and  scenic 
features  of  Southeastern  Alaska  by  the  "Inside  Passage"  during  the 
tourist  season:  June  15th  and  30th,  July  15th  and  30th  and  August 
14th,  1909.  This  steamer  is  new,  is  used  exclusively  for  first-class 
round  trip  passenger  excursion  business,  and  stops  at  all  important 
points,  including  Glacier  Bay.  Fares  from  Seattle  or  Victoria  are 
$100  and  up,  according  to  accommodations  taken.  Other  and 
stanch  steamers  also  make  many  excursion  trips  during  the  season 
at  popular  fares. 

36 


Gardiner  Gateway  and  Official  Entrance  to  Yellowstone  Park 

Yellowstone  National  Park 

M  connection  with  the  Alaska-Yukon-Pacific  Ex- 
position, those  who  journey  thither,  should  plan 
to  visit  Yellowstone  Park  en  route,  without  fail. 
This  marvelous  wonderland,  in  the  heart  of 
the  Rocky  Mountains,  stands  unique  and  un- 
rivaled among  the  scenic  resorts  of  the  globe. 
There  are  other  places,  it  is  true,  where  soir.c 
of  the  phenomena  found  here  may  be  seen  in  as 
great  or  less  degree,  but  there  is  no  place  where 
Nature  has  concentrated,  on  such  a  lavish  and  profound  scale,  the 
weird  and  wonderful  things  to  be  seen  in  the  Park.  The  beauty  of 
Morning  Glory  Spring  or  Emerald  Pool,  the  weird  attraction  of  the 
Paint  Pots,  the  terrible  majesty  of  the  Giantess  Geyser,  the  delicate 
sculpturings  to  be  seen  at  Pulpit  Terrace,  the  fascinating  ugliness  of 
Mud  Volcano,  the  magnificence,  opulence,  and  grandeur  of  the  Grand 
Canyon — these  must  be  seen  and  felt  to  be  understood  and  cannot 
be  set  down  adequately  in  words  nor  reproduced  in  pictures.  There 
are  about  3,000  hot  springs  and  100  geysers,  nearly  30  waterfalls, 
100  prominent  named  mountain  peaks,  ranging  from  6,500  to  more 
than  11,000  feet  in  altitude,  over  40  lakes,  150  streams  having  names, 
with  many  canyons,  valleys,  and  other  physical  features,  besides 
bison,*  elk,  deer,  antelope,  mountain  sheep,  pelicans,  gulls,  and  other 
birds,  and  trout  of  various  species,  to  interest  one. 


*  At  the  instance  of  the  American  Bison  Society,  Congress  has  appropriated  $40,000  for  the 
purchase  of  twenty  square  miles  of  land  and  the  fencing  of  same  for  the  Montana  National  Bison 
Range,  at  Ravalli,  Montana,  just  across  the  mountains  from  Missoula,  for  the  purpose  of 
preserving  this  noble  game  animal,  now  so  nearly  extinct.  The  south  line  of  the  range  follows 
closely  the  Northern  Pacific  Railway  for  nine  miles  from  Ravalli  west.  The  southeastern  corner 
will  be  within  five  minutes'  walk  of  the  railway  station  at  Ravalli.  The  nucleus  herd  of  bison 
is  to  be  provided  by  the  American  Bison  Society. 


37 


A  Herd  of  Buffalo 


Starting  from  Livingston,  Montana,  on  the  main  line  of  the 
Northern  Pacific,  it  requires  a  minimum  of  six  days  to  make  the  tour 
of  the  Park,  and  return  to  Livingston.  More  time  should  be  given  to 
the  trip,  however,  so  that  one  can  stop  from  one  to  three  days,  or 
longer  if  possible,  at  each  hotel,  and  thus  more  leisurely,  and  with  far 
more  satisfaction  and  enjoyment,  see  each  locality.  There  is  no  addi- 
tional charge  for  transportation  in  stopping  over  in  this  way,  and  the 
entire  summer  within  the  limits  of  the  Park  season,  June  5  to  Sep- 
tember 25,  1909,  after  visiting  the  exposition,  might  be  profitably 
spent  here. 

At  Livingston,  the  Park  branch  line  of  the  Northern  Pacific  leaves 
the  main  line  and  extends  to  Gardiner,  at  the  northern  boundary  of 
the  Park,  and  the  Government  Official  Entrance.  At  this  point 
and  in  immediate  proximity  to  the  railway  station,  an  original  and 
artistic  log  structure,  stands  the  $10,000  lava  stone  arch,  the  corner- 
stone of  which  President  Roosevelt  laid  in  the  spring  of  1903. 

During  the  park  season  the  Northern  Pacific  runs  Pullman 
standard  sleeping  cars  from  St.  Paul  and  the  coast  direct  to  Gardiner 
and  vice  versa,  an  accommodation  much  appreciated  and  much 
patronized  by  the  public. 

3S 


Gardiner  is  only  five  miles  from  Mammoth  Hot  Springs,  the 
administrative  center  of  the  park. 

The  transportation  in  the  park — no  railways  of  any  sort  or  auto- 
mobiles being  allowed  therein^-is  by  means  of  large,  stanch,  easy- 
riding,  four-horse  stage  coaches.  The  roads,  sprinkled  each  day 
before  departure  of  the  coaches,  are  now  in  splendid  shape  being 
maintained  by  the  Government,  and  this  coaching  trip  is  undoubtedly 
the  finest  thing  of  the  sort  in  the  country  and  a  most  agreeable  innova- 
tion and  diversion  for  travelers,  and  eminently  appropriate  to  the 
place. 

There  is  a  hotel,  thoroughly  modern,  at  each  important  place  for 
sight-seeing  in  the  park.  These  hotels  are  all  steam  heated,  electric 
lighted,  etc.  Old  Faithful  Inn  at  Upper  Geyser  Basin  and  the 
Colonial  Hotel  at  Yellowstone  Lake  are  particularly  attractive. 
The  former,  a  wonderful  structure  of  native  boulders  and  logs,  is  the 
surprise  and  delight  of  all  who  enter  its  massive  portals.  It  overlooks 
most  of  the  large  geysers,  and  its  appointments,  including  a  giant 
searchlight  on  the  roof  turned  on  the  geysers  each  night,  are  in  keep- 
ing with  this  wonderland.  The  Colonial  Hotel  at  the  lake  is  a  gem  of 
its  kind — a  restful,  reposeful,  stately  building  overlooking  Yellow- 
stone Lake  and  the  Absaroka  Range  of  high  mountains  that  frames 
it.  At  this  point  also  is  found  unlimited  trout  fishing,  free  as  the 
mountain  air  which  the  traveler  breathes.  The  park  is  a  grand 
trout  preserve  with  five  or  six  species  of  trout  found  in  its 
lakes  and  mountain  streams,  the  latter  easily  reached  from  the 
different  hotels. 

The  hotel  at  the  Grand  Canyon  is  near  the  Upper  and  Lower 
Falls  and  Point  Lookout,  the  latter  a  projection  on  the  brink  of  the 
most  wonderfully  colored  and  sculptured  gorge  in  the  world.  Here, 
Nature  has  tried  to  outdo  herself. 


Old  Faithful  Inn,  Yellowstone  Park 
39 


Duhith,  Alinn.,  Showing  Minnesota  Point,  Looking  Toward  Superior,  Wis. 


Westward  via  the  Great  Lakes 


TRIP  on  the  Great  Lakes,  between  Buffalo  and 
Duluth,  on  the  superb  steamer  Northwest,  of  the 
Northern  Steamship  Company  or  the  steamers 
Tionesta  or  Juniata  of  the  Erie  &  Western  Trans- 
portation Company — Anchor  Line — or  between 
Sarnia,  Ontario,  Superior  and  Duluth,  on  the 
steamers  of  the  Northern  Navigation  Company 
in  connection  with  the  coast  trip — what  could 
be  more  enjoyable?  These  steamers  leave  these 
ports  on  regular  schedules,  connecting  with  Northern  Pacific  trains 
at  Duluth,  which  trains  connect  in  turn  at  Staples  with  the  regular 
transcontinental  trains  to  and  from  the  Park,  Puget  Sound,  and 
Portland.  Those  who  may  have  planned  for  years  "the  trip  of  their 
lives"  will,  in  1909,  achieve  their  ambition  by  "doing"  the  Great 
Lakes,  Yellowstone  Park,  the  Alaska-Yukon -Pacific  Exposition, 
Alaska,  and  California,  at  remarkably  small  expense. 

A  day  spent  in  Duluth  and  Superior  driving  around  the  boule- 
vards in  Duluth  and  in  visiting  the  mammoth  coal  and  ore  docks  and 
other  objects  of  interest  in  the  two  cities,  will  not  be  time  thrown  away. 
These  enterprising  though  young  cities,  one  in  Minnesota,  the  other  in 
Wisconsin,  are  fair  exponents  of  northwestern  vim  and  progress. 

If  desired,  the  tourist  may,  without  additional  expense  for  trans- 
portation, visit  St.  Paul  and  Minneapolis  and  start  westward  from 
these  cities.  The  Northern  Pacific  has  three  trains  daily — two  on 
Sunday — between  the  Head  of  the  Lakes  and  St.  Paul-Minneapolis, 
and  the  ride  is  of  but  a  few  hours'  duration.  One  of  these  trains, 
the  "Lake  Superior  Limited,"  is  a  parlor  and  cafe-observation  car 
train  affording  service  unexcelled. 


40 


Middle  l'\ills,  Spukaii 


Northern  Pacific  Train  Service 

ASSENGERS  via  the  Northern  Pacific,  on 
and  after  May  23d,  will  have  a  choice  of 
three  thoroughly  modern,  electric  -  lighted 
trains  between  St.  Paul  and  Minneapolis  on 
the  east  (with  convenient  connections  from 
Duluth  and  Superior),  and  Portland,  Tacoma, 
and  Seattle,  via  Spokane,  on  the  west — dining 
car  service  for  the  entire  trip  on  all  trains. 
An  important  innovation  on  this  date, 
also,  will  be  the  inauguration  of  through  service  between  Chicago 
and  the  North  Pacific  Coast  via  St.  Paul-Minneapolis. 

The  famous  "North  Coast  Limited,"  the  crack  train  of  the 
Northwest,  will  be  exclusively  for  first-class  sleeping-car  passengers. 
A  unique  buffet-library-observation  car  will  provide  barber,  bath, 
library,  the  current  magazines,  and  complete  correspondence  facilities. 
From  its  spacious  observation  parlor  and  platform  an  uninterrupted 
view  of  passing  scenery  may  be  had.  An  additional  attractive  feature 
will  be  that  of  valet  service  for  pressing  garments.  This  has  been 
maintained  on  the  "North  Coast  Limited"  for  some  time — in  fact, 
it  originated  with  us  and  has  proved  most  popular. 

Passengers  on  the  "North  Coast  Limited"  have  free  access  to 
the  buffet-library-observation  car  with  all  its  facilities.  Prices  for 
barber  and  clothes-pressing  service  are  on  a  moderate  scale. 

Eastbound,  effective  May  23d  and  thereafter,  the  "North  Coast 
Limited"  will  provide  through  sleeping  car  service  from  the  coast  to 
Chicago  by  way  of  Minneapolis-St.  Paul. 

The  dining-car  service  on  all  of  our  trains  is  maintained  at  a 
standard  equal  to  that  of  the  largest  and  best  equipped  metropolitan 


41 


hotels.  Special  pains  are  taken  to  make  the  meal  service  of  such 
character  as  to  prove  an  effective  advertisement  of  the  line. 

In  addition  to  these  three  daily  electric-lighted  trains  which  run 
via  Northern  Pacific  all  the  way  from  the  Twin  Cities  and  Head  of  the 
Lakes  to  the  coast,  there  is  also  operated  a  through  daily  electric- 
lighted  train  between  St.  Louis,  St.  Joseph,  Lincoln,  and  Seattle,  via 
Spokane,  with  immediate  connections  to  and  from  Kansas  City, 
Omaha,  and  Denver,  and  Tacoma  and  Portland.  Pullman  tourist 
sleeping  cars  are  carried  on  this  train  as  also  on  two  of  the  three 
daily  trains  first  mentioned.  The  through  service  from  St.  Louis  and 
Missouri  River  points  to  the  coast  is  via  the  Burlington  route  to 
Billings,  thence  Northern  Pacific. 

The  "Lake  Superior  Limited"  is  a  fast,  luxurious,  electric-lighted 
daily  train  running  between  Minneapolis-St.  Paul  and  Duluth- 
Superior,  affording  a  parlor  and  observation-cafe  car. 

The  "Puget  Sound  Limited"  is  a  fast  daily  train  running  between 
Seattle,  Tacoma,  and  Portland,  carrying  dining  and  modern  parlor  cars. 

Schedules  of  all  trains  are  arranged  with  particular  reference  to 
the  convenience  of  patrons  and  to  affording  the  maximum  of  sight- 
seeing possibilities.  Over  a  large  portion  of  its  lines  the  Northern 
Pacific  has  established  a  block  signal  system;  this,  added  to  the 
unusually  strong  construction  of  its  new  equipment,  greatly  increases 
the  element  of  safety. 

Through  sleeping  car  service  is  maintained  direct  to  the  boundary 
of  Yellowstone  National  Park  at  Gardiner,  the  official  entrance. 


Six-horse  coaches  Laving  Gardiner  for  Mammoth  Hot  Springs,  Yellowstone  Park 


42 


Sugar  Beets  on  the  W'uy  to  Mill  at  J:iii!tiigs,  ALuit. 

Irrigation  Projects  along  the  Northern  Pacific  Railway 

HE  traveler  on  Northern  Pacific  trains  will  zee 
many  and  striking  evidences  of  the  benefi- 
cence of  irrigation.  Tl.e  Yellowstone  valley  is 
now  almost  one  complete  stretch  of  irrigation 
enterprises.  Prominent  among  these  are  the 
Government's  Lower  Yellowstone  Reclama- 
tion Project,  near  Glendive;  the  Tongue  River 
and  other  canals  near  Miles  City;  the  Huntley 
Reclamation  Project  and  other  large  irriga- 
tion propositions  around  and  west  of  Billings.  Fruits  and  vegetables 
are  being  raised  in  increasing  quantity. 

The  Gallatin  valley  is  one  great  irrigation  field,  where  grains 
and  grasses  grow  luxuriantly.  The  Bitterroot  valley,  extending 
south  from  Missoula,  is  a  paradise  of  irrigation.  Everything  from 
grain  to  vegetables  and  fruit  grows  to  perfection.  Mcintosh  Red 
Apples  are  a  specialty. 

Around  Spokane  there  are  many  successful  irrigation  plants  and 
the  Lewiston-Clarkston  region  to  the  south  is  one  where  climate  and 
soil  combine  to  produce  an  unusual  combination  in  this  line.  Apples, 
peaches,  pears,  cherries,  grapes,  berries  etc.,  grow  in  luxuriance. 

The  Yakima  valley,  between  the  Columbia  river  and  the  Cas- 
cade range,  is  one  of  the  two  or  three  largest  and  best  irrigation 
sections  in  the  west.  Anything  with  the  "Yakima"  brand  on  it  is 
"gilt-edged."     Yakima  fruits  have  a  reputation  all  their  own. 

At  many  points  along  the  road,  particularly  in  North  Dakota 
and  Montana,  evidences  of  successful  dry  farming  will  be  seen. 

South  of  the  main  line,  from  Pasco,  the  Walla  Walla  country 
and  that  along  the  north  bank  of  the  Columbia  river,  just  opened 


43 


Higli  bcPiool,  Spokane 

up  by  the  Spokane,  Portland  &  Seattle  railway — an  affiliated  line  of 
the  Northern  Pacific — are  most  productive  and  valuable  regions  where 
irrigation  is  necessary  in  many  cases,  while  in  other  instances  the 
natural  rainfall  is  amply  sufficient.     Fruit  and  grain  are  largely  raised. 

LIST  OF  PUBLICATIONS 

Issued  by  the  General  Passenger  Department,  Northern  Pacific  Railway 


THE  LAND  OF  GEYSERS 

Free 

A  new  edition  of  a  booklet  that  describes,  briefly,  some  of  the  wonderful  and  unique 
phenomena  of  Yellowstone  Park.  Splendidly  illustrated  in  halftone,  showing  geysers,  canyons, 
stage  coaches,  Old  Faithful  Inn,  etc.     This  is  far  ahead  of  any  previous  edition,  in  every  respect. 

EASTWARD  THROUGH  THE  STORIED  NORTHWEST 

Send  Six  Cents 

A  new  and  very  attractive  edition  of  a  most  pojiular  booklet.  Handsomely  printed  and 
very  profusely  illustrated  in  halftone,  it  describes  the  journey  homeward  from  California  over 
the  Shasta-Northern  Pacific  Route.  It  gives  detailed  information  of  the  Pacific  Northwest, 
including  the  Columbia  River.  Portland,  Astoria  and  the  coast  resorts,  and  the  beautiful  Puget 
Sound  Country,  Tacoma,  Seattle,  Victoria  and  Vancouver,  B.  C,  etc. 

YELLOWSTONE  PARK  FOLDER 
Free 

A  complete  folder  in  book  form  with  maps  and  illustrations,  giving  full  details  of  the 
trip  through  Yellowstone  Park,  including  fares,  hotel  and  transportation  facilities,  and  all 
important    items    of    information. 

PANORAMIC  YELLOWSTONE  PARK  PICTURE 

Send  Thirty-five  Cents 
The  Northern  Pacific  has  a  large  Panoramic  Picture  48  inches  long  by  32  inches  wide,  and 
done  in  fifteen  colors,  tliat  shows  the  topography  of  the  Park,  the  locatiori  of  the  hotels,  geyser 
basins,  canyons,  roads,  lakes,  and  all  features  of  the  Park.      Framed,  it  is  ornamental  as  well 
as  useful. 

These  Publications  will  be  sent  to  any  address  upon  receipt  in  stamps, 
silver,  or  money  order,  of  the  amounts  designated. 
A.  M.   CLELAND,  General  Passenger  Agent,  ST.  PAUL,  MINN. 


44 


Alap  of  Ydlo-iVstone  National  Park,  the  World's  greatest  outing  spot  —  most 
conveniently  reached  via  Gardiner  Gateway,  the  official  entrance,  in  through 
sleeping  cars  of  the  Northern  Pacific  Railway. 


45 


HOWARD  &.  GALL 
SUPERVISING 
OLMSTED 
LANDSCAPE  MiC 


ROUND     PLAN 

ALASKA- YUKON  -  PACIFIC 
EXPOSITION. 


EUROPEAN 


5  ORIENTAL 

6  AGRICULTURES 

7  MANUFACTURES 

8  MINES 

9  KING  COUNTY 

10  TRANSPORTATION 

11  MACHINERY 

12  MACH.  ANNEX 

13  MUSIC   PAVILION 

14  RESTAURANTS 

15  JAPAN 


16  CANADA 

17  POWER  HOUSE 

18  STATES 

19  MICHIGAN 

20  FORESTRY 

21  OREGON 

22  WASHINGTON 

23  .\EW  YORK 

24  NATURAL 

AMPHITHEATRE 

25  CHICAGO 


26  CALIFORNIA 

27  MISSOURI 

28  ARCTIC  BROTH'D 

29  CHEHALIS 

30  SPOKANE 

31  HOSPITAL 

32  PHILIPPINES 
:^3  POWER   HOUSE 

34  FIRE  STATION 

35  GOV'T  OPEN  AIR 


36  WOMEN 

37  SERVICE 

38  ADMINISTRATION 

39  AUDITORIUM 

40  FINE  ARTS 

41  IDAHO 

42  LAKE    ENTRANCES 

43  U.  S.  LIFE  SAVING 

44  MAIN   ENTRANCE 

45  R.  R.  STATION 


LIST    OF    REPRESENTATIVES 

PASSENGER  AND  EMIGRATION  DEPARTMENTS 

NORTHERN   PACIFIC    RAILWAY 

ATLANTA,  GA 16  North  Pryor  St J.  J.  Gartner Trav.  Pass'r  Agent 

BELLINGHAM,  WASH..  .1222  Dock  St A.  N.  Bussing.  .City  Frt.  &  Pass'r  Agent 

BILLINGS,  MONT Station J.  E.  Spurling General  Agent 

BOSTON,  MASS 207  Old  South  Bldg.  .C.  E.  Poster Dist.  Pass'r  Agent 

BUFFALO,  N.  Y 215  Ellicott  Square.  .  .Wm.  G.  Mason Dist.  Pass'r  Agent 

BUTTE,  MONT N.   W.  Cor.   Park  and 

Main  Sts W.  H.  Merriman,  Div.  Frt.&  Pass'r  Agt. 

CHICAGO,  ILL 208  S.  Clark  St C.  A.  Matthews  .  .  Gen'l  Agt.  Pass'r  Dept. 

J.  C.  Thompson Dist.  Pass'r  Agent 

J.  L.  Daugherty,  Trav. Emigration  Agent 
CINCINNATI,  OHIO 40  East  Fourth  St Geo.  T.  Foyes Trav.  Pass'r  Agent 

L.  J.  Bricker  .  .Trav.  Emigration  Agent 

DES  MOINES,  lA 212-214  Century  Bldg.  E.  D.  Rockwell Dist.  Pass'r  Agent 

DETROIT,  MICH 423  Majestic  Bldg W.  H.  Whitaker Dist.  Pass'r  Agent 

DULUTH,  MINN 334  W.  Superior  St.  .  .  J.  I.  Thomas General  Agent 

J.  T.  McKenney City  Pass'r  Agent 

EVERETT,  WASH 2825  Colby  Ave CO.  Martin General  Agent 

FARGO,  N.  D Station J.  E.  Johnson Agent 

HELENA,  MONT Main  and  Grand  Sts.   E   S.  Richards General  Agent 

C.  W.  MERRiLiES.Trav.  Frt.  &  Pass'r  Agt. 

INDIANAPOLIS,  IND 42  Jackson  Place W.  E.  Smith Dist.  Pass'r  Agent 

LEWISTON,  IDAHO 320  Main  St W.  J.  Jordan General  Agent 

LOS  ANGELES,  CAL 545  South  Spring  St.  .Geo.  W.  McCaskby General  Agent 

MILWAUKEE,  WIS ]  ^^^Ex ''fildg^^^  [  . .  M.  E.  Harlan Dist.  Pass'r  Agent 

MINNEAPOLIS,  MINN 19  Nicollet  Blk G.  F.  McNeill City  Pass'r  Agent 

MONTREAL,  QUE Imp.Bk.BgSt.JamesStG.  W.  Hardisty,  Dist.  Pass'r  &  Frt.  Agt. 

NEW  YORK  CITY 319  Broadway W.  F.  Mershon.  .Gen'l  Agt.  Pass'r  Dept. 

PHILADELPHIA,  PENN..711  Chestnut  St P.  W.  Pummill Dist.  Pass'r  Agent 

PITTSBURG,  PENN 305  Park  Building C.  E.  Brison Dist.  Pass'r  Agent 

PORTLAND,  ORE 255  Morrison  St A.  D.  Charlton,  Asst.  Gen.  Pass'r  Agent 

PT.  TOWNSEND,  WASH. .  402  Water  St W.  L.  Clark Agent 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  CAL.  .  .685  Market  St T.  K.  Stateler,  Gen'l  Agt.  Pass'r  Dept. 

SEATTLE,  WASH 1st  Ave.  &  Yesler  Way  A.  Tinling General  Agent 

J.  O.  McMullen City  Pass'r  Agent 

SPOKANE    WASH Riverside  &  Howard  ..H.N.  Kennedy General  Agent 

Lee  M.    Conry Trav.  Pass'r  Agent 

W.  H.  Ude City  Pass'r  Agent 

ST.  LOUIS,  MO 306  Missouri  Trust  BgD.  B.  Gardner Dist.  Pass'r  Agent 

ST.  PAUL  MINN 5th  and  Robert  Sts..  .C.  P.  O'Donnell City  Pass'r  Agent 

4th  and  Broadway  .  .  .C.  L.  Townsend Dist.  Pass'r  Agent 

L.  P.  Gellerman  .  . .  .Dist.  Pass'r  Agent 
•  G.  A.  Mitchell,  Asst.  Gen'l  Pass'r  Agent 

J.  C.  Poore Asst.  Gen'l  Pass'r  Agent 

SUPERIOR,  WIS 817  Tower  Ave W.  H.  Mitchell Agent 

TACOMA,  WASH 925  Pacific  Ave C.  B.  Foster City  Pass'r  Agent 

Webb  F.  Sater Trav.  Pass'r  Agent 

VANCOUVER,  B.  C 430  Hastings  St H.  Swinford General  Agent 

VICTORIA,  B.  C Yates  &  Gov't  Sts. .  .  .  E.  E.  Blackwood General  Agent 

WALLACE,  IDAHO Station C.  R.  Lonergan Agent 

WALLA  WALLA,  WASH.  .3  East  Main  St S.  B.  Calderhead General  Agent 

WINNIPEG,  MAN 341  Main  St W.  C.  Hartnett General  Agent 

J.  G.  WOODWORTH  A.  M.  CLELAND  C.  W.  MOTT 

Traffic  Manager  General  Passenger  Agent  Gen'l  Emigration  Agent 

ST.  PAUL,  MINN. 


Reprint  50  M  0-OQ. 


INVESTIGATE    THESE 


Choice  Locations 

on  your  trip  to  the 
ALASKA-YUKON- PACIFIC   EXPOSITION 

Seize  the  Opportunity 

Presented  by  the  low  fares  to  the  Alaska- Yukon-Pacific  Expo- 
sition— Seattle  June  1  to  October  16,  1909 — to  see  the  Country. 

Eastern  Washington 

Is  a  great  WHEAT  BELT.  Soil  and  climate  combine  to 
produce  enormous  yields  of  golden  grain.  Valuable  irrigation 
projects  producing  delicious  fruits. 

Yakima  Valley 

The  land  of  the  BIG  RED  APPLE  produces  luscious  Peaches, 
Pears,  Plums,  Apricots,  Cherries,  Grapes.  Apples — all  fruits 
except  Citrus. 

Puyallup  Valley — White  River  Valley 

Between  Tacoma  and  Seattle  produce  HUNDREDS  OF 
THOUSANDS  of  dollars'  worth  of  Raspberries,  Blackberries, 
Hops,  and  Vegetables  annually. 

Montana 

Yellowstone,  Gallatin  and  Bitterroot  Valleys  offer  great 
opportunities  for  the  home-seeker. 

The  Cut-Over  Timber  Lands 

North  of  Seattle  grow  prodigious  crops  of  Grasses,  the  year 
•round  and  form  ideal  DAIRY  and  POULTRY  farms. 

These  Lands  are  all  Low  Priced 

The  Cities,  Mines  and  Timber  Camps,  and  Alaska  form 
GOOD  AND  STABLE  MARKETS. 


For  Literature  and  other  Information,  address 
C.  W.  MOTT,  General  Emigration  Agent 

St.  Paul  Minn. 


\ 


<^^^ 


J 


